海上平台员工职业应激与心理健康的关系  

Relationship between occupational stress and mental health in offshore oil platform workers

作　　者：吴洪涛[1] 肖太钦[1] 邹建芳[2] 单永乐[2] 李子建[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国石化胜利油田疾病预防控制中心,东营257000 [2]山东省职业卫生与职业病防治研究院 [3]济南军区疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》2014年第2期87-91,共5页Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金资助（ZR2012HL08）

摘　　要：目的 探讨某油田海上平台员工职业应激、心理健康状况以及两者之间的关系,为提高其心理健康水平提供科学依据.方法 采用职业紧张量表（OSI-R）与症状自评量表（SCL-90）对768名海上平台员工进行问卷调查.结果 海上平台员工的职业任务总分（160.27±24.63）低于常模值（166.52±27.01）、个体紧张反应总分（101.96±19.8）高于常模值（92.45±17.33）,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.01）；个体应对资源总分与常模差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,但子项休闲娱乐、社会支持和理性处事的差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.员工 SCL-90总分与职业任务、个体紧张反应及各子项均呈明显正相关（P＜0.01）,与个体应对资源及各子项均呈明显负相关（P＜0.01）.多元逐步回归分析显示现工种工龄、学历、饮酒、任务过重、任务不适、任务模糊、责任感、工作环境、理性处事进入了同归方程（P＜0.05）.结论 海上平台员工的心理健康状况与职业应激有关,其中与任务过重、任务模糊、工作环境和理性处事等因素显著相关.Objective To investigate the relationship between occupational stress and mental health in offshore oil platform workers and to provide a scientific basis for protection of their mental health.Methods A total of 768 workers on offshore oil platform were surveyed with the Occupational Stress Inventory Revised Edition and Symptom Check List-90 （SCL-90）.Results The total score of Occupational Role Questionnaire （ORQ） for the workers （160.27±24.63） was significantly lower than the national norm （166.52±27.01） （P＜ 0.01）； the total score of Personal Strain Questionnaire （PSQ） （101.96±19.8） was significantly higher than the national norm （92.45±17.33） （P＜0.01）.The total score of Personal Resource Questionnaire （PRQ） for the workers was not significantly different from the national norm （P＞0.05）,but the items of recreation,social support,and rational/cognitive fonnd significant difference （P＜0.05）.The total score of SCL-90 was positively correlated with all items of ORQ and PSQ （P＜0.0l） and negatively correlated with all items of PRQ （P＜0.01）.The multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that current work seniority,education background,drinking,role overload,role insufficiency,role ambiguity,responsibility,physical environment,and rational/cognitive conduct impacted the score of SCL-90 （P＜0.05）.Conclusion The mental health of workers on offshore oil platform is related to occupational stress,and role overload,role ambiguity,physical environment,and rational/ cognitive conduct,etc,are closely associated with the workers＇ mental health.

关 键 词：海上平台员工 职业应激 心理健康 

分 类 号：B844.3[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学] R131[哲学宗教—心理学]