护士职业应激对机体氧化和抗氧化能力的影响  

Effect of occupational stress on oxidation/antioxidant capacity in nurses

作　　者：曹丽丽[1] 田宏迩[1] 张庆东[2] 朱新云[2] 詹永国[1] 苏景国[2] 徐恬[1] 朱华斌[2] 刘令[1] 

机构地区：[1]东南大学公共卫生学院,南京210009 [2]扬中市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》2014年第2期100-103,共4页Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：江苏省科技支持计划-社会发展（BE2011777）;国家大学生创新创业训练计划项目（1210286100）

摘　　要：目的 探讨护士职业应激对机体氧化、抗氧化能力的影响.方法 选择131例护士为研究对象,用物联网职业健康信息采集系统进行职业紧张测量,同时测定羟自由基、抗氧化物酶类水平.结果 30岁以下护士的血清超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活力最高,45岁以上护士最低,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；工龄5年以下护士血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）和过氧化物酶（POD）活力最高,5～15年护士次之,25年以上护士最低,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；与初中及高中学历的护士相比,大学及大专学历护士的血清GSH-Px浓度较高,而血清POD活力较低,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.工作前景和工作控制是SOD的贡献因素,工作危险性是POD的负面因素；心理满足是羟自由基（·OH）的负面反应；心情平静是SOD的积极反应,每日紧张感是负面反应；心理满足和工作满意感是GSH-Px的积极反应,每日紧张感是负面反应.结论 护士职业应激程度越高,机体氧化能力越强；抗氧化能力越弱,容易发生氧化与抗氧化能力的失衡,造成氧化应激损伤.Objective To investigate the effect of occupational stress on the oxidation/antioxidant capacity in nurses.Methods A total of 131 nurses were included as study subjects.The occupational health information collection system （based on the Internet of things） was used for measurement of occupational stress.Levels of hydroxyl free radicals and antioxidant enzymes were determined.Results The serum level of superoxide dismutase （SOD） was the highest in nurses under the age of 30 and the lowest in those over 45 （P＜ 0.05）.The serum levels of glutathione peroxidase （GSH-Px） and peroxidase （POD） were the highest in nurses of working age less than 5 years,followed by those of 5-15 years,and nurses with more than 25 years＇ working experience showed the lowest GSH-Px and POD levels （P＜0.05）.Furthermore,nurses with a university （college） degree had a higher GSH-Px level and a lower POD level compared with those with junior and senior high school degrees （P＜0.05）.Job prospects and job control were positive occupational stress factors for SOD.Job hazards were negative occupational stress factors for POD.Psychological satisfaction was negative occupational stress reaction for hydroxyl free radicals.Calmness was positive occupational stress reaction for SOD,and daily stress was a negative one.The positive occupational stress reactions for GSH-Px were psychological satisfaction and job satisfaction,and daily stress was negative reaction.Conclusion Nurses with higher occupational stress have stronger oxidation and weaker antioxidant capacity,which intensifies oxidantantioxidant imbalance and leads to oxidative stress damage.

关 键 词：护士 应激 羟自由基 抗氧化物酶 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]