我国速滑短距离运动员专项力量训练的改进  

Research on Improving Special Strength Training of Chinese sprint Speed Skaters

作　　者：邵中平[1] 孟浪 李欣[1] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省体育科学研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150008 [2]黑龙江省射自剑训练管理中心,黑龙江哈尔滨150020

出　　处：《冰雪运动》2013年第3期10-13,共4页China Winter Sports

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(2009BAK57B04)

摘　　要：短距离速度滑冰运动员专项力量训练的内容、方法和手段,对训练有效性与比赛成绩具有重要的影响作用。通过对速度滑冰短距离项目的肌肉力学特征、供能系统特征和滑行技术特征进行分析,指出短距离速度滑冰运动员力量训练要从专项角度需要出发,注意发力时机与膝关节发力的角度,使力量训练与专项技能之间的转化更为直接、有效。认为最大力量、速度力量和耐力力量存在的一些弊端,导致运动员下肢比较粗大、肌肉横断面大、技术相对粗糙和不稳定等问题;应摒除陈旧的力量训练观念,采取提高神经对快速募集肌肉能力、肌肉速度力量与超等长力量训练、高强度间歇训练等方法,提高我国速滑短距离运动员专项力量。The content,method and means of sprint speed skaters＇ special strength training has an important influence on the training efficiency and competitive performance. By analyzing the mechanics of muscle characteristics,energy supply system characteristics,this paper points out that the strength training of sprint speed skaters need to start from the special requirement,pay attention to the force timing and knee joint forcing angie to make the transformation of strength training and special skills more direct and effective. The paper points out that there are some drawbacks of maximum strength,speed strength and endurance strength, leading to legs are coarsened,the cross section of muscles are large,technology is relatively rough and instability etc. And we should abolish old concept of strength training,use the methods of improving the ability of the nerve to raise muscle quickly,muscle speed and power,super isometric strength training,high intensity interval training and other methods,in order to improve the special strength of Chinese sprint speed skaters.

关 键 词：速滑短距离 专项力量 训练改进 

分 类 号：G862.9[文化科学—体育训练]