高原深水湖泊水温日成层对溶解氧、酸碱度、总磷浓度和藻类密度的影响:以云南阳宗海为例  

Effect of daily thermal stratification on dissolved oxygen,pH,total phosphorus concentration,phytoplankton and algae density of a deep plateau lake:A case study of Lake Yangzonghai,Yunnan Province

作　　者：袁琳娜[1] 杨常亮[2] 李晓铭[3] 李世玉[2] 申时立[2] 李智圆 刘仍兵 刘楷[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南大学生命科学学院,昆明650091 [2]云南大学工程技术研究院,昆明650091 [3]昆明市环境监测中心,昆明650028

出　　处：《湖泊科学》2014年第1期161-168,共8页Journal of Lake Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51168047);云南大学校基金项目(2011YB44)联合资助

摘　　要：弄清深水湖泊夏季水温分层及其对水体各理化指标的影响对于湖泊的保护和治理有重要意义.以云南阳宗海为例,在夏季选择湖泊内有代表性的6个样点,以1 m为间隔对每个样点不同水深的水温、藻蓝蛋白、DO、pH和叶绿素a含量进行同步测定,同时在实验室测定TP.结果表明：（1）夏季晴天阳宗海上午没有明显的分层,中午开始慢慢形成4层,随后转化到3层,在14：00时达到分层相对稳定,稳定时温跃层出现在水深9~13 m处,湖表层与深水层的最大温差为7.8℃;（2）随着水温出现分层,DO和pH呈现出与水温分层相似的垂直分层结构,而这种分层过程基本上与水温成层过程同步;（3）藻类和浮游植物随水温分层而逐渐成层,但有迟滞性,迟滞时间约2 h;（4）TP对水温分层不敏感,只有接近湖底的水体总磷浓度才明显升高,9 m以上的水层总磷浓度分布均匀,水温的分层与消失过程不影响上层水的总磷浓度,全湖泊的总磷平均浓度为0.033±0.03 mg/L.It is quite important for lake protection and treatment to find out if thermal stratification in summer has effect on the physical and chemical index of the water body.As for deep plateau lakes,water temperature differs greatly at different times during the day.To understand thermal stratification law and to know if the physical and chemical index such as total phosphorus（TP） and dissolved oxygen（DO） concentration,pH,etc.would vary with thermal stratification,we chose 6 sites of Lake Yangzonghai,a typical deep lake in Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau in summer,then measured water temperature,phycocyanin,DO,pH and chlorophyll-a every meter.At the same time,the layering water samples were also analyzed in the lab,and the concentration of TP was got.The result shows that（1） In the forenoon of summer clear days,the water body had no clear thermal stratification;When it was in the noon,the thermal stratification turned into 4 layers,and then 3 layers;At 14：00,the water body was stably stratified;When the thermal stratification is stable,the thermocline is between 9-13 m;the max temperature difference between epilimnion and hypolimnion is 7.8℃;（2） DO and pH has almost the same vertical stratification trend as the water temperature,and the stratification of DO and pH is synchronize with the water thermal stratification;（3） The algae and phytoplankton stratified with water thermal stratification,but it shows a time lag,the time lag is about 2 hours;（4） The TP is not sensitive to thermal stratification,the concentration of TP only sharply increase when it was very close to the bottom of lake.The concentration of TP is even above 9 m.And the disappearance of thermal stratification does not affect the concentration of TP.The average TP concentration of the whole lake is 0.033 ± 0.03 mg / L.

关 键 词：水体理化指标 阳宗海 水温分层 叶绿素A 垂向分布 

分 类 号：X131.2[环境科学与工程—环境科学]