Influence of cornicle droplet secretions of the cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae, on parasitism behavior of na＇fve and experienced Diaeretiella rapae  

作　　者：Hamid R. S. Moayerit Arash Rasekh Annie Enkegaard 

机构地区：[1]Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture [2]Research Institute of Physiology and Biotechnology, University of Zanjan [3]Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran [4]Department of Agroe- cology, Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Research Centre Flakkebjerg, 4200 Slagelse, Denmark

出　　处：《Insect Science》2014年第1期56-64,共9页昆虫科学（英文版）

摘　　要：Insects have evolved amazing methods of defense to ward off enemies. Many aphids release cornicle secretions when attacked by predators and parasitoids. These se cretions contain an alarm pheromone that alerts other colony members of danger, thereby providing indirect fitness benefits to the releaser. In addition, contact with cornicle se cretions could also threaten an attacker and could provide direct fitness to the releaser. However, cornicle secretions may also be recruited as a kairomonal cue by aphid natural enemies. In this study, we investigated the effect of the cornicle droplet volatiles of the cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae （L.）, on the hostsearching behavior of naive and experienced female Diaeretiella rapae （M＇Intosh） parasitoids in olfactometer studies. In addition, we evaluated the role ofB. brassicae cornicle droplets on the oviposition prefer ence of the parasitoid in a twochoice bioassay. Naive females did not exhibit any preference between volatiles from aphids secreting cornicle droplets over nonsecreting aphids, while experienced parasitoids exploited the secretions in their host location. Experienced females were also able to choose volatiles from both secreting and nonsecreting aphids over clean air, while this ability was not observed in naive females. Although secretion of cornicle droplets did not influence the percentage of first attack in either naive or experienced females, the success of attack （i.e. resulting in a larva） was significantly different between secreting and nonsecreting aphids in the case of experienced parasitoids.Insects have evolved amazing methods of defense to ward off enemies. Many aphids release cornicle secretions when attacked by predators and parasitoids. These se cretions contain an alarm pheromone that alerts other colony members of danger, thereby providing indirect fitness benefits to the releaser. In addition, contact with cornicle se cretions could also threaten an attacker and could provide direct fitness to the releaser. However, cornicle secretions may also be recruited as a kairomonal cue by aphid natural enemies. In this study, we investigated the effect of the cornicle droplet volatiles of the cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae （L.）, on the hostsearching behavior of naive and experienced female Diaeretiella rapae （M＇Intosh） parasitoids in olfactometer studies. In addition, we evaluated the role ofB. brassicae cornicle droplets on the oviposition prefer ence of the parasitoid in a twochoice bioassay. Naive females did not exhibit any preference between volatiles from aphids secreting cornicle droplets over nonsecreting aphids, while experienced parasitoids exploited the secretions in their host location. Experienced females were also able to choose volatiles from both secreting and nonsecreting aphids over clean air, while this ability was not observed in naive females. Although secretion of cornicle droplets did not influence the percentage of first attack in either naive or experienced females, the success of attack （i.e. resulting in a larva） was significantly different between secreting and nonsecreting aphids in the case of experienced parasitoids.

关 键 词：alarm pheromone KAIROMONE learning oviposition preference physiologi-cal cost Y-tube olfactometer 

分 类 号：S476.3[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S436.612.2[农业科学—植物保护]