supported by the Third Xinjiang Scientific Expedition Program[Grant No.2021xjkk0605 to S.Q.G.];the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities[Grant No.63213120 to H.J.X.]。
Larvae of some leaf beetles carry masses of feces covering parts or all of the body,which is called a"fecal shield'In general,the shield is thought to be a defense structure against natural enemies.However,some studie...
Insects have evolved amazing methods of defense to ward off enemies. Many aphids release cornicle secretions when attacked by predators and parasitoids. These se cretions contain an alarm pheromone that alerts other c...
In most of the predator-prey systems, prey individuals make transitions between vulnerable and invulnerable states or locations. This transition is regulated by various inducible defense mechanisms. Diel vertical migr...
The Asian lady beetle Harmonia axyridis Pallas is considered as an invasive species in most territories where it has been introduced. Because aphid honeydew acts as an attraetant for many aphid predators and parasitoi...
Acknowledgments We thank Y. Luo, Beijing Forestry University, V. Mas- tro, D. Lance, and B. Wang, USDA-APHIS-PPQ, and Li Shunping of the Qingtongxia City Forestry Bureau (postal code 751600), for access to field sites and logistical sup- port in China; the students of Beijing Forestry University, W. Xu, and M. Nehme for technical support during field studies; E Webster SUNY-ESF for access to the ozone generator in his laboratory; and two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments on the manuscript. We thank J. Francese, USDA APHIS-PPQ, and A. Hajek, SARL & Cornell University for supplying male ALB. This work was supported by a grant from the Alphawood Founda- tion to SAT and by the National Science Foundation East Asia and South Pacific Summer Institute (NSF-EAPSI) under Grant No. OISE-0813023 to JDW. All experiments were done in China and USA according to the rules of the ethical boards for animal experiments and abided with the current laws of both countries.
Volatiles from female Asian longhorned beetle ( ALB ), Anoplophora glabripenhis, were evaluated as candidate sex pheromone components. Previous studies on ALB have revealed several antennally active compounds from v...
Infochemicals are used by foraging parasitoids in the host selection process from habitat preference until host recognition. Kairomones from the herbivore host plays a vital role in the attraction of parasitoids, part...
Based on the kairomone from the accessory gland of female Bombyx mori elicting the parasitoid, Telenomus theophilae, to parasitize artifical beads. A cDNA expression library of enrich kairomone gene was constr...