药物神经增强的伦理问题分析  

Ethical Analysis on Psychopharmacological Enhancement

作　　者：张鑫[1] 胡新和[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大学人文学院,北京101408

出　　处：《中国医学伦理学》2014年第1期12-14,共3页Chinese Medical Ethics

摘　　要：药物神经增强是神经增强中最成熟的、使用人数最多的一种。目前的神经药物可温和但有效地增强大脑功能,如认知和情感。人们一方面对于其未来充满了憧憬,一方面也对其充满了困惑和不信任。从现有药物神经增强伦理学讨论中,总结出反对者提出的五个重要问题:安全性、真实性、作弊、强制和医学化,从这五个问题的角度进行探讨,认为药物神经增强并不具备先天不道德性。在神经增强药物的使用中,需要的是一个综合性的规范机制,将科学家、医师、患者、人力资源部门等都纳入进来,对药物神经增强进行多层次的干预,将其安全隐患降到最低。Psychopharmacological enhancement, the most successful case among all neuro-enhancing technologies, can effectively though moderately alleviate both cognitive and affective functions of the brain. However, people hold ambiguous attitude towards it, obsessed with its potential to bring about unprecedented improvements to our mind, yet always seeing it in a light of doubt and mistrust. The author extracted five crucial questions of opponents based on previous ethical discussion on psychopharmacological, namely safety, authenticity, cheating, coercion and medicalization, from the point of which the author didn＇t think the psychopharmacological enhancement was inherently wrong. In its practice, a comprehensive specification mechanism is needed, which includes scientists, physicians, patients, the human resources department, carrying multi-level intervention in psychopharmacological enhancement, minimizing the potential safety hazard.

关 键 词：药物神经增强 安全性 真实性 安全隐患 医学化 规范化 

分 类 号：R-052[医药卫生]