太原市中小学生视力保健相关知识现况  

Knowledge on eyesight protection among students in Taiyuan

作　　者：马兴爱[1] 王莉[1] 石倩[1] 李美莉[1] 毛馨 

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学儿少卫生教研室,太原030001

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2014年第2期193-195,共3页Chinese Journal of School Health

摘　　要：目的了解太原市中小学生视力保健相关知识现况及获取方式,为开展有针对性的防近健康教育提供依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,对太原市1 456名城乡中小学生进行视力保健相关知识问卷调查及视力检查。结果学生主观认为视力不良率为49.2%,体检视力不良率为51.2%。视力保健相关知识得分城市学生(6.23±1.65)高于乡村学生(5.95±1.68),女生(6.26±1.60)高于男生(5.92±1.72),视力不良学生(5.80±1.74)高于视力正常学生(5.80±1.74),差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.01);视力保健相关知识得分随着年级的升高而增高。视力保健相关知识总体知晓率较低的问题包括视力不良的含义(34.4%),做眼保健操时眼睛应有酸胀感(49.2%),吃过多甜食、零食会影响视力(56.1%),初次配镜需要散瞳(64.7%)。学生用眼知识主要来源于广播、电视、网络、报纸(57.9%),其次是医生(51.2%);而学生希望获取知识的途径首选医生(60.4%)。结论学生视力保健相关知识相对缺乏,亟需有效的干预。学生最希望从医生处获取相关知识,为开展干预提供了可能性。Objective To investigate the knowledge on eyesight protection among students in Taiyuan, and to provide evi- dence for the health education on myopia prevention. Methods A total of I 456 students from urban and rural areas were selected with stratified cluster random sampling. Questionnaire and visual acuity measurement were included in this survey. Results There was a great difference between subjective and objective eyesight status. The score of knowledge on eyesight protection were signifi- cantly higher in girls, urban students and low vision students relative to boys, rural students and students with normal eyesight. Knowledge increased with grade. The items most students get wrong included definition of low vision, soreness accompanies with eye exercises, excessive sweet foods and snacks could affect vision and mydriasis optometry before myopia glasses. The leading sources of eyesight protection knowledge were television program, broadcasting and medical expert＇s education. Students mostly want to acquire knowledge from medical experts. Conclusion School-aged children are relatively lack of the knowledge in eyesight protection. The well-intended advice should be occasionally given from doctors.

关 键 词：视力 低 健康教育 中小学生卫生保健服务 

分 类 号：G479[文化科学—教育学] R778.11[文化科学—教育技术学]