医学院校学生烟草控制干预效果评价  

Tobacco control intervention effect assessment for medical college students

作　　者：孙广宁[1] 吴洪涛[1] 李金坤[1] 田忠梅[1] 王春平[1] 

机构地区：[1]潍坊医学院公共卫生学院,山东261053

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2014年第2期208-210,213,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

摘　　要：目的了解山东省医学院校学生烟草控制干预效果,为探讨医学院校烟草控制干预模式提供理论依据。方法从山东省9所医学院校中随机抽取2所,分别为干预组(A)和对照组(B)。采用定量方法进行基线调查,在基线调查的基础上进行社区诊断。根据健康促进理论制定综合控烟策略,对于干预组实施干预计划,采用自身前后对照和设立平行对照的流行病学研究方法进行效果评价。结果干预组医学院学生,对吸烟健康危害的正确认识率和不吸烟赞同率干预前分别为55.5%,47.9%,干预后分别为69.1%,60.0%,干预前后差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.01),现在吸烟率、吸烟行为劝阻率干预前后分别为2.9%、54.8%,3.1%、58.4%,差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05);对照组医学院校学生,前后两次调查不吸烟赞同率、对吸烟健康危害正确认识情况、现在吸烟率、吸烟行为劝阻率分别为54.6%、54.1%、5.8%、58.5%,58.5%、55.5%、4.0%、65.9%,差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。结论干预措施的实施对改善医学院校学生烟草使用及认知现状有一定的作用。对于高校学生来说,烟草控制干预的效果指标用知识和态度指标比较好;采用现在吸烟率和劝阻率则不敏感,指标变化不明显。Objective To understand the tobacco control intervention effect in medical college students in Shandong Prov- ince, so as to provide theoretical basis for medical college tobacco control intervention mode. Methods Two colleges were selected at random from 9 medical colleges in Shandong province： One for the intervention group （ A） , the other one for control group （ B ）. The baseline survey was made with quantitative methods, and make the community diagnosis on the basis of the baseline survey. For the intervention group, develop a comprehensive tobacco control strategy based on the theory of health promotion, develop and carry out the intervention plan. Using itself before and after contrast and set up the fiat control effect evaluation of epidemiological research method to get the effect evaluation. Results For the student of intervention group medical college A, compared before and after the intervention correctly understanding health hazards of smoking and smoking attitude change have statistical signifieance （P〈0. 05） , current smoking rates, discourage smoking behavior rate had no statistical significance（P〉0.05）. For the control group medical college B, the first and second survey among contrast, all of the correctly understanding health hazards of smoking, smoking attitude change, current smoking rate, discourage smoking behavior rate had no statistical significance （ P〉0.05 ）. Conclu- sion The implementation of the intervention has certain effects on improving the present situation of tobacco using and cognition of medical college students. For college students, the knowledge and attitude index is suitable for the effect of index of tobacco control intervention, but with less number of smokers, using the current smoking rate and discouraged rate is not sensitive, even if taking the intervention, the index did not change significantly.

关 键 词：学生 医科 烟草 干预性研究 健康教育 

分 类 号：G479[文化科学—教育学] R163[文化科学—教育技术学]