电动汽车用锂离子电池生热速率模型  

A Model for the Heat Generation Rate of Lithium-ion Battery for Electric Vehicles

作　　者：朱聪[1,2] 李兴虎[1] 宋凌珺[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学交通科学与工程学院,北京100191 [2]交通运输部公路科学研究院,北京100088

出　　处：《汽车工程》2014年第2期174-180,共7页Automotive Engineering

基　　金：北京市重点学科建设基金(082304)资助

摘　　要：首先在考虑锂离子电池极片中反应电流密度、活性物质浓度等参数空间差异的前提下,建立了电池热生成速率的数学模型。然后基于模型对锂离子电池在不同充放电电流和荷电状态(SOC)下的生热速率进行了仿真。结果表明:可逆热与非可逆热的生成速率均随充放电电流的增大而增大;SOC的变化主要影响可逆热的生成速率,对非可逆热的生成速率则无显著影响;锂离子电池在相同SOC和电流下进行充放电时,非可逆热的生成速率基本相等且均表现为放热,可逆热的生成速率也基本相同但分别表现为吸热和放热。最后在Arbin台架上测量了锂离子电池以不同电流进行恒流充电、恒流放电和循环交替充放电时电池温度的瞬变过程,并与相应工况下电池温度的仿真结果进行了对比。结果表明:所建立的生热速率模型能合理模拟锂离子电池温度的动态变化;锂离子电池持续进行充放电时可逆热对电池的温度变化有较大影响,尤其在电池充放电电流较小时更为明显,但锂离子电池在某一SOC附近交替充放电时可逆热对电池的温度变化则无明显影响。Firstly with consideration of the spatial variation of parameters such as reaction current density and active material concentration in the electrodes of Li-ion battery, a mathematical model for the heat generation rate inside battery is established. Then a simulation on heat generation rate under different charge and discharge currents and SOCs is conducted. The results indicate that both generation rates of reversible heat （RH） and irre- versible heat （IH） increase with the increase in charge and discharge currents. And the SOC change mainly affects the generation rate of RH but has no significant influence on the generation rate of IH. Under the same SOC and current, the generation rate of IH during charge and discharge are same with both releasing heat ; while for RH, the generation rates are also equal in charging and discharging, but it absorbs heat during charging and releases heat during discharging. Finally, the transient temperatures of battery during constant current charging, constant current discharging and alternate charging-discharging are measured on Arbin bench and compared with corresponding simu- lated data. The results show that the model for heat generation rate can well reflect the dynamic change of battery temperatures. The RH has larger effects on battery temperatures during sustained c harging or discharging, in parti- cular, with smaller current rate; but it has no apparent effects on battery temperatures during alternate charging and discharging around certain SOC.

关 键 词：锂离子电池 生热速率 可逆热 非可逆热 

分 类 号：TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]