社会网络、创业学习与创业能力——基于小微企业创业者的实证研究  

Social network,entrepreneurial learning and entrepreneurial competence based on an empirical research on entrepreneurs of small and micro enterprises

作　　者：谢雅萍[1] 黄美娇[2] 

机构地区：[1]福州大学管理学院,福建福州350108 [2]福建商业高等专科学校,福建福州350001

出　　处：《科学学研究》2014年第3期400-409,453,共11页Studies in Science of Science

基　　金：教育部人文社科青年基金(13YJC630188)

摘　　要：创业者创业能力是决定创业能否成功的核心要素,创业学习则是发展创业能力的关键,社会网络为创业能力的提升提供了大量的知识资源,但是少有研究从创业者的角度,对社会网络、创业学习、创业能力之间的作用机制进行探索。本文构建了社会网络、创业学习与创业能力关系的理论模型,以409位小微企业创业者为样本,采用结构方程分析方法对理论假设进行实证检验。研究结果表明:(1)创业者的社会网络中客观上存在一个具有学习功能的子集"学习网",是进行创业学习的重要平台;"学习网"的结构和关系会影响创业能力的形成与发展。(2)基于社会网络的创业学习可以分为模仿、交流、指导三种主要的学习方式,在创业者"学习网"与创业能力的关系中发挥中介作用。创业者应加强"学习网"治理、注重学习行为塑造以提升创业能力。Entrepreneurs＇ entrepreneurial competence is a core element to determine the success of entrepreneurship,entrepreneurial learning is the key to the development of entrepreneurial competence,and social network provides a great deal of knowledge resources for entrepreneurs to enhance their entrepreneurial competence.However,few studies explore the action mechanisms of social network,entrepreneurial learning and entrepreneurial competence from the perspective of entrepreneurs.This paper builds a conceptual model of the relationship among social network,entrepreneurial learning and entrepreneurial competence,and uses structural equation analysis method to conduct an empirical test on the theoretical hypothesis,based on a sample of 409 entrepreneurs in small and micro enterprises.The results show that：（1） entrepreneurs＇ social network objectively contains a subset of ＂ learning network＂ with learning function,which is an important platform for entrepreneurial learning; structures and relationships of ＂ learning network＂ can influence the formation and development of entrepreneurial competence.（2） entrepreneurial learning based on social network can be divided into three main ways——imitation,communication and guiding,and plays a mediating role in the relationship between entrepreneurs＇＂learning network＂ and entrepreneurial competence.Finally,this study puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to enhance entrepreneurs＇ entrepreneurial competence from the following three aspects——＂learning network＂ governance,learning behavior shaping.

关 键 词：社会网络 创业学习 创业能力 

分 类 号：F270[经济管理—企业管理]