最小努力(惰性)原则与慢性病预防行为选择  

Principle of least effort(inertia) and choice of chronic disease prevention behavior

作　　者：高其法[1] 

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学人文与管理学院,广东广州510515

出　　处：《南京医科大学学报（社会科学版）》2014年第1期1-6,共6页Journal of Nanjing Medical University（Social Sciences）

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"我国居民生活方式与慢性病预防控制"(10cgl073)

摘　　要：人们通常认为行为选择与行为是相一致的,知行具有统一性。但理性决策与理性执行并不统一,知与行存在着差距。这是由于行为决策需要理性,行为执行也需要理性,而理性是有限的。理性的有限性体现在认知有限和执行力有限两个方面。由于理性执行能力的限制,在重复性行为选择中,最小努力原则比理性原则更为有效。慢性病预防行为不足不仅仅是由于个体的认知理性存在限制,也在于个体的行动理性存在不足。同时增加个体的认知能力与行为能力是解决慢性病预防行为不足的重要思路。It is generally accepted that behavior choice is consistent with behavior; it is uniformity between knowledge and practice. But rational decision and rational implementation is not uniform,there is a gap between knowledge and practice. This is because the decision needs rationality,implementation also needs rationality,but rationality is limited. Therefore, rational limitations embodied in two aspects of cognitive constraints and limited executive power. Due to limited capacity of rational implementation,principle of least effort is more effectively than rational principles to explain repetitive behaviors. Lack of chronic disease prevention behavior is not just due to the limited cognitive rationality,and the limited capacity of rational implementation is too. Increasing individual awareness and action capacity are important measures to address lack of chronic disease prevention behavior.

关 键 词：理性原则 最小努力(惰性)原则 知行不一 慢性病预防行为 

分 类 号：R-055[医药卫生]