赤子爱胜蚓和毛利远盲蚓对添加造纸污泥土壤的化学和生物学特征的影响  

Effects of Eisenia foetida and Amynthas morrisi on the chemical and biological properties of soil amended with the paper mill sludge

作　　者：陈旭飞[1] 张池[1] 戴军[1] 郭彦彪[1] 刘婷[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学资源环境学院/农业部华南耕地保育重点实验室,广州510642 [2]广东省生态环境与土壤研究所,广州510650

出　　处：《生态学报》2014年第5期1114-1125,共12页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(41201305);广东省自然科学基金博士启动项目(S2012040007806);中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2012M511819);广东省教育部产学研结合项目(2011A09020003)

摘　　要：将赤子爱胜蚓(Eisenia foetida)和毛利远盲蚓(Amynthas morrisi)接种于混合15%造纸污泥的旱地土和水稻土中,研究不同蚯蚓对不同混合污泥土壤的化学和生物学性状的作用。主成分分析结果显示蚯蚓对混合污泥土壤化学和生物学性质影响与土壤类型和蚯蚓种间差异密切相关(P<0.05)。方差分析结果显示:(1)在混合污泥旱地土处理中,与对照相比,E.foetida处理的混合污泥土壤pH和Eh分别显著降低了0.22和13个单位(P<0.05),有机碳和微生物量碳含量,以及过氧化氢酶,N-乙酰-氨基葡萄糖苷酶、脲酶和酸性磷酸酶活性分别降低了22.8%、43.8%、12.4%、48.4%、44.0%和40.7%(P<0.05),而荧光素二乙酸酯酶活性增加了57.4%(P<0.05);A.morrisi处理的混合污泥土壤碱解氮含量、过氧化氢酶、N-乙酰-氨基葡萄糖苷酶和脲酶活性分别明显下降了16.5%,12.4%、33.9%和45.5%(P<0.05)。另外,两种蚯蚓相比较,E.foetida活动后混合污泥旱地土壤pH和Eh值、有机碳含量和碳氮比分别比A.morrisi活动后土壤降低0.17和10个单位、24.9%和2.26个单位,而代谢熵和荧光素二乙酸酯酶活性显著增高(P<0.05)。(2)在混合污泥水稻土处理中,与对照相比,E.foetida处理的混合土壤有机碳含量和碳氮比显著提高20.9%和1.02个单位(P<0.05),全钾含量和呼吸速率明显降低6.11%和33.8%(P<0.05);而与对照相比,A.morrisi处理的混合土壤的速效钾含量和过氧化氢酶活性显著提高13.2%和10.8%(P<0.05),但β-葡萄糖苷酶和荧光素二乙酸酯酶活性分别下降46.7%和34.4%(P<0.05)。两种蚯蚓相比较,E.foetida处理后混合污泥水稻土的有机碳含量比A.morrisi处理显著增加了15.7%,碳氮比增加0.84个单位,速效钾、呼吸速率和过氧化氢酶活性减少11.4%、36.5%和5.51%(P<0.05)。综上所述,蚯蚓能显著影响混合造纸污泥土壤的化学和生物学特征。蚯蚓在高有机碳和低粘粒含量旱地土壤中活动,能够加速有机碳的分解�Two earthworm species （Eisenia foetida and Amynthas morrisi） were inoculated in dryland and paddy soil mixed with 15% paper mill sludge for 30 days. Effects of earthworm on soil chemical and biological properties were evaluated, which included pH and Eh value, contents of organic carbon and dissolved organic carbon, contents of total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and their available contents, the ratio of C and N, contents of microbial biomass carbon, soil respiration rate, metabolic quotient, microbial quotient, and activities of catalase, urease, invertase, acid and alkaline phosphatase, β-glucosidase, N-acetyl-glucosaminidase and fluorescein diacetate （FDA） hydrolysis. PCA results showed that： effects of earthworms on the chemical and biological properties of soil mixed with paper mill sludge depend on soil types and earthworm special species （P〈0.05）. ANOVA results showed that ： （ 1 ） in dry land treatments, compared with the control, 0.22 and 13 units of soil pH and Eh values and 22.8% contents of organic carbon were reduced by E. foetida significantly, respectively （P〈0.05）. In the meantime, E. foetida reduced contents of microbial biomass carbon, activities of catalase, N-acetyl-glucosaminidase, urease and acid phosphatase by 43.8%, 12.4%, 48.d%, 44.0% and 40.7%, respectively, but increased FDA hydrolysis by 57.4% as well （P〈0.05）. Compared with the control, 16.5% reduction of available N contents and 12.4%, 33.9% and 45.5% reduction of activities of catalase, N-acetyl-glucosaminidase and urease were shown by A. morrisi （P〈0.05）. In addition, compared to A. morrisi, reductions of 0.17 and 10 units, 24.9% and 2.26 ratio of soil pH and Eh values, organic carbon content and the ratio of carbon to nitrogen were observed significantly by E. foetida, respectively （P〈0.05）. Higher of soil metabolic quotient and FDA hydrolysis were shown in E. foetida than A. morrisi treatments. （2） in paddy soil, compared with the control, 20.9% and 1.02 units increase of so

关 键 词：蚯蚓 造纸污泥 土壤 化学和生物学性质 

分 类 号：X174[环境科学与工程—环境科学]