粤西海域麻痹性贝类毒素成分特征分析  

Analysis on the profiles of paralytic shellfish poisoning in shellfish from the west coast of Guangdong province

作　　者：冷科明 吴霓[2] 杜克梅[2] 邓国群[2] 江天久[2] 

机构地区：[1]深圳市海洋环境与资源监测中心,深圳518067 [2]暨南大学赤潮与海洋生物学研究中心,广州510632

出　　处：《生态科学》2013年第5期558-563,共6页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家973项目(2010CB428702);国家自然科学基金(41276091);国家海洋公益专项(201305003-2;201305010-4);深圳市发展计划项目(301201003107)

摘　　要：为了弄清广东西部沿海麻痹性贝类毒素(paralytic shellfish poisoning,PSP)的主要成分,该文于2005年—2006年间在粤西近岸重点养殖区采集主要经济贝类,运用高效液相色谱技术对其进行了麻痹性贝类毒素成分分析。结果表明:在染毒的贝类样品中共检出PSP的11种成分,主要成分为STX和C1,检出率分别为77.78%和66.67%,且STX的含量较高。其次为GTX4和dcGTX2-3,检出率均为55.56%,其含量普遍较低。总体上,麻痹性贝毒成分在粤西海域的分布具有一定的地域性、季节性和贝类种间差异。地域上,PSP主要分布在北津港、海陵湾和流沙湾;季节上毒素含量在春季末达到高峰;托氏毛蚶(Scapharca troscheli)对PSP的积累能力较强,相比于其它贝类,其体内PSP含量最高,达2.85 nmol/g,毒性达55.99μgSTX/100g。该研究结果可为广东沿海赤潮生物毒素的监测和管理提供理论依据。In order to understand the profiles of PSP （paralytic shellfish poisoning） in shellfish from the west coast of Guangdong province, high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection （HPLC-FD） was applied to detected the PSP in bivalve shellfish. The samples were collect mainly from mainly shellfish culture areas in different Bays of the west coast of Guangdong province from 2005 to 2006. The results showed that eleven compositions of PSP were detected, but the detection rate and distribution characteristics of PSP profiles in these shellfish were quite different. C1 toxins and STX toxins had the highest detection rate of above 66% followed by GTX4 and dcGTX2-3 with detection rate of 55.56%. GTX4 and dcGTX2-3 contents in the shellfish were generally lower and were mainly detected in spring. The characteristic of PSP in the shellfish from the middle coast of Guangdong province had certain seasonal, regional and interspecific difference. PSP mainly existed in Beijin Bay, Hailing Bay and Liusha Bay. Content of PSP reached the maximum level in the end of the spring. Scapharca troscheli had a higher ability to accumulate PSP toxins with the highest content of 2.85 nmol/g and toxicity of 55.99μgSTX/100g. The results of our study will provide a theoretical basis for monitoring and management of biotoxin of harmful algal blooms in the coast of Guangdong.

关 键 词：麻痹性贝类毒素 贝类 高效液相色谱 粤西海域 

分 类 号：S97[农业科学—捕捞与储运]