生物质炭基氮肥中试制备工艺与特性分析  

Pilot Preparation Technology and Properties of New Biochar-based Nitrogenous Fertilizers

作　　者：张雯[1] 耿增超[1] 何绪生[1] 陈心想[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2014年第3期129-133,147,共6页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：农业部“948”项目(2010-Z19);林业局“948”项目(2009-4-64);陕西省攻关项目(2010K02-12-1);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划资助项目(2010JM5004)

摘　　要：以生物质炭为载体，分别采用简单掺混、固液吸附和化学反应工艺将生物质炭与硝酸铵进行复合，制备了3种炭基氮肥，并对其主要性质和缓释特征进行了分析与评价。结果表明，3种炭基氮肥的pH值较生物质炭均有所下降；采用化学反应工艺制备的炭基氮肥负载硝酸铵最多，其次是吸附工艺，最少的为掺混工艺，且反应型炭基氮肥比吸附型和掺混型对硝酸铵的吸持作用更强。3种生物质炭基氮肥在水溶液中的累积释放规律符合“S”型释放模型；相比于硝酸铵，3种炭基氮肥均对氮素起到控释效果，且以反应型炭基氮肥的控释效果最佳。Three kinds of biochar-based nitrogenous fertilizer （BBNF）, which were composited with ammonium nitrate by simple-blending process, adsorbent process and reactive process, respectively, were produced. After that properties of the new BBNF were determined and their sustained release characteristics were evaluated. The results show that the pH values of all the three BBNF are all lower than that of the raw biochar. The BBNF prepared by reactive process loads maximum ammonium nitrate, followed by the BBNF prepared by adsorption process; the least is the BBNF prepared by blending process. The retention capacity of BBNF prepared by reactive process is better than the other two. The cumulative release rate of the three BBNF in aqueous solution is in line with the ＂S＂-type release model. Compared with ammonium nitrate, all of the three BBNF have effectively controlled-release effect on nitrogen, and the BBNF produced by reactive process has the best effect.

关 键 词：生物质炭 炭基氮肥 制备工艺 特性分析 

分 类 号：S145.6[农业科学—肥料学]