中国城市能源消费碳排放核算方法比较及案例分析——基于“排放因子”与“活动水平数据”选取的视角  

Comparison and cases analysis to the accounting methods for carbon emission of China's urban energy consumption: from the perspectives of emission factors and activity-level data

作　　者：丛建辉[1] 朱婧[1] 陈楠[1] 刘学敏[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学资源学院 [2]北京师范大学地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室

出　　处：《城市问题》2014年第3期5-11,共7页Urban Problems

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2011BAJ07B07)--城镇碳排放清单编制方法与决策支持系统研究;开发与示范

摘　　要：根据中国城市可获得的"活动水平数据",论述了目前城市能源消费二氧化碳排放核算的五种方法,同时提出了一种基于能源平衡表中"消费量合计"数据的修正方法,并以河南省济源市为案例对各方法进行了比较分析。研究发现,采用不同方法所得到的城市二氧化碳排放总量具有明显差异;活动水平数据选取标准对城市二氧化碳排放核算结果的精确性和可比性有着较大影响,修正方法能够较大程度地避免错算、漏算和多算,具有一定优势。据此认为,核算者应对核算结果进行规范的不确定性分析与质量控制说明。同时,政府有关部门要进一步完善温室气体排放统计体系、改进温室气体排放清单指南、明确活动水平数据的选取规则,以降低核算者在数据选取上的主观性。According to available activity data of Chinese city, this essay classifies and discusses five calculation methods of energyrelated CO2 emissions in cities, and puts forward a modified method based on the ＂total consumption data＂ in energy balance sheet. A comparison analysis is carried out taken Jiyuan City of Henan Province as an example. The results show that urban energy - related CO2 emissions varies largely based on different calculation methods, and the selection standard of activity data has a highly influences on the accuracy and comparability of the results. The modified method has certain advantages among these methods because it largely avoids missing, repeating and wrong calculations. It is suggested that strict uncertainty analysis and data quality control procedure should be implemented after the calculation, and the policy - makers should further improve the statistics system for greenhouse gas emissions as well as make the activity data selection rules more clear in order to reduce the calculators＇ subjectivity in activity data selection.

关 键 词：碳排放核算 能源消费碳排放 城市温室气体排放清单 活动水平数据 

分 类 号：X196[环境科学与工程—环境科学]