北部湾潮间带波纹巴非蛤的重金属污染特征与食用风险研究  

Characterization of Heavy Metals of Paphia undulataInhabiting the Intertidal Zone of Beibu Bay and Assessment of Its Consumption Risk

作　　者：杨菲菲[1] 孟范平[1] 王群[1] 程凤莲[1] 李永富[1] 王志峰[1] 王静[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学环境科学与工程学院,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第2期60-67,共8页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家海洋公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201005012)资助

摘　　要：近年来北部湾沿岸产业的快速发展对海湾特别是潮间带的生态环境造成一定的污染压力。双壳类动物对重金属有极强的富集能力,其体内的重金属含量是海洋污染监测的重要指标。根据2011年春季北部湾潮间带的波纹巴非蛤(Paphia undulata)软组织中7种重金属(Hg、Cd、Pb、Cr、Cu、Zn、As)的测定结果,分析该区域蛤体内重金属的空间分布特征。通过计算单因子标准指数(Pi)、金属污染指数(MPI)、生物-沉积物积累因子(BSAF)、重金属周最大理论摄入量(TMWI),评价波纹巴非蛤对沉积物中重金属的积累特征、生物质量及食用风险。研究表明,波纹巴非蛤体软组织中重金属污染总体水平不高,但站位间差异明显;该生物对沉积物中不同种类重金属的积累能力不同,对Cd、Hg、Zn的积累能力高于Pb、Cr、Cu、As;计算得到的各种重金属周最大理论摄入量(TMWI)均远低于食品添加剂联合专家委员会(JECFA)规定的相应限值,造成食用风险的可能性较低。The rapid development of the industry along Beibu Bay in recent years has caused moderate stress on coastal environment, especially on intertidal zone environment. Bivalves are good accumulators of heavy metals, thus the content of heavy metals in their tissues has evolved as an important indicator of marine environment. Seven heavy metals （Hg, As, Cu, Pb, Cd, Zn and Cr） in soft tissues of Paphia undulata collected from Beibu Bay intertidal zone in April, 2011 were analyzed in this study, with single factor standard index, metal pollution index （MPI）, biota-sediment accumulation factor （BSAF） and theoretical most weekly intake （TMWI） determined in order to evaluate the bioaccumulation capacity of metals from sediment, spatial distribution, the current biological quality and consumption risk of P. undulata. The results showed that the content of the selected metals in soft tissues was not high, but significant different among sites. The degree of bioaccumulation of different metals was obviously different. Cd, Hg and Zn displayed higher BSAF value than Pb, Cr, Cu and As. The TMWI of five metals was far below the limited weekly intake posed by Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives, indicating that the consumption risk of P. undulate associating with heavy metals was very low.

关 键 词：北部湾 波纹巴非蛤 重金属 分布特征 生物积累 食用风险 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]