紫贻贝雌核发育二倍体的人工诱导研究  

Artificial Induction of Gynogenetic Diploids in Blue Mussel Mytilus Galloprovincialis

作　　者：齐明君[1] 李琪[1] 孔令锋[1] 于红[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海水养殖教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《海洋湖沼通报》2014年第1期42-47,共6页Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31072207);国家海洋公益性行业科研专项(201305005);国家科技支撑计划(2011BAD13B01)资助

摘　　要：采用紫外线照射的方式使精子遗传物质失活,通过细胞松弛素B(CB)的处理来抑制受精卵第二极体的释放,人工诱导紫贻贝(Mytilus gallopovincialis)雌核发育二倍体。将精子在强度为2561μW/(cm^2·s)的紫外线(254 nm)下进行时间梯度的照射,之后与正常的卵子受精,实验发现随照射时间的增加,卵裂率、早期胚胎存活率和D形幼虫发生率总体呈下降趋势,在照射55 s时D形幼虫发生率降为0。受精后25 min,用浓度0.5μg/mL的细胞松弛素B(CB)持续处理受精卵20 min,诱导出紫贻贝第二极体抑制型雌核发育二倍体。通过微卫星分析鉴定所得的子代个体均为雌核发育二倍体。Gynogenetic diploids in blue mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis were induced by means of ultra- violet （UV） radiation and eytochalasin B （CB） treatment for the inhibition of the second polar body release. The sperms irradiated by UV at an intensity of 2561 μW/（cm^2. s） for various durations were fertilized with the normal eggs. With creasing irradiation time, the cleavage rates, survival rates at ear- ly embryonic phases and developmental rates of D-larvae decreased, and none of D-larvae occurred when the sperms were irradiated for more than 55 s. To induce gynogenetic diploids, 25 min postinsemination, the fertilized eggs were exposed to cytochalasin B treatment （0.5 μg/mL; CB） for 20 min. Microsatellite analysis demonstrated that gynogenetie diploids were successfully induced in M. galloprovincialis.

关 键 词：紫贻贝 紫外线照射 雌核发育 微卫星 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]