我国小学生、家庭主妇碘缺乏病健康教育干预效果的Meta分析  

The effect of health education intervention on iodine deficiency disorders in Chinese pupils and housewives： a Meta-analysis

作　　者：任思思[1] 董燕[1] 钟朝晖[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学公共卫生与管理学院流行病学教研室,400016

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2014年第2期211-215,共5页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

摘　　要：目的综合评价我国小学生、家庭主妇碘缺乏病健康教育干预效果，为在小学生、家庭主妇中进行碘缺乏病预防与干预提供科学依据。方法计算机检索中国生物医学文献数据库（CBM）、万方数据库、维普数据库（VIP）、中国知网数据库（CNKI）、PubMed，并结合文献追溯的方法，收集1997—2012年在国内外发表的关于中国小学生、家庭主妇碘缺乏病健康教育干预研究的文献。文献研究类型为自身前后对照的干预性研究，干预手段为健康教育。使用RevMan5．0软件，选择从碘缺乏病预防知识知晓率和对碘缺乏病行为改变情况为指标进行Meta分析。同质性资料（P〉0．05）选取固定效应模型，异质性资料（尸≤O．05）选取随机效应模型进行综合定量分析。结果共纳入20篇中文文献．未检索到合适的英文文献。采用EPOC的标准对文献进行质量评价，纳入文献都是B等级。文献的异质性较高，所以对各个知识点分别按照基线率进行分层分析。基线率分层分析得出结果：基线率越低，干预效果越好。干预后，调查对象对“人体缺碘的主要危害”，“预防缺碘最好的方法”，“盐袋上图案的含义”，“购买合格碘盐”，“IDD相关知识传播”分别提高了35％，29％，27％，42％，47％。结论对小学生和家庭主妇开展健康教育干预效果显著，提高了小学生、家庭主妇碘缺乏病相关知识的知晓率，促进了行为的改变。Objective To comprehensively evaluate the effect of health education on intervening iodine deficiency disorders（IDD） in Chinese pupils and housewives, and to provide a basis for prevention and intervention of the disease. Methods A computerized literature search was carried out in Chinese Biomedical Database （CBM）, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure（CNKI）, VIP, Wangfang and PubMed to collect articles published from 1997 - 2012 concerning the effect of education intervention on iodine deficiency disorders（IDD）. The study was a self-controlled intervention study. Meta-analyses were performed to assess the knowledge on IDD prevention and behavior changes. Fixed and random effect models were employed to combine results after a heterogeneity test, and rate different（RD） was used as an indicator of the intervention effect. Results A total of 20 controlled before and after studies were included in our meta-analysis. The quality of individual studies was assessed by EPOC, and all studies were grade B. Because the heterogeneity was higher, each knowledge point was stratified analyzed according to the baseline rate. The results showed that the lower the baseline rate, the better the effect of the intervention. The analysis indicated that the RD for the main harm of IDD, the RD for the key measure to prevent IDD, the RD for the meaning of the pattern on the bags, and the RD for knowledge dissemination of IDD were increased by 35% ,29% ,27% ,42% and 47%, respectively. Conclusion Health education is helpful to Chinese pupils and housewives in improving their IDD related knowledge and their attitudes toward IDD.

关 键 词：碘 缺乏症 健康教育 META分析 

分 类 号：R599[医药卫生—内科学]