生态经济下废弃链库存成本优化与分摊问题研究——基于联合库存与Shapley值的方法  

The Study of the Waste Chain Inventory Cost Optimization and Allocation Problem in the Ecological Economy:Based on the Methods of Jointly Managed Inventory and the Value of Shapley

作　　者：刘娟[1] 谢琨[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海应用技术学院经济与管理学院,上海201418

出　　处：《生态经济》2014年第4期50-54,共5页Ecological Economy

基　　金：2013年上海市科技发展基金软科学重点项目"生态文明建设科技创新工作研究--基于工业废弃物协作利用的视角"(13692100500);2014年上海市教委科研创新项目"生态型与低碳型社会下工业废弃物协作利用契约机制研究"(14YS118);2011年上海高校优秀青年教师科研专项基金"上海市工业区废弃物交易机制研究"(YYY11055);2012年国家自然科学基金资助项目"基于物联网的闭环产品服务链契约优化及应用研究"(71272015);2011年上海哲学社会科学青年项目"上海市生活垃圾分类回收的激励机制研究"(2011EGL006);2011年上海晨光计划项目"上海制造业集群的低碳化模式研究"(11CGB01)

摘　　要：废弃链是企业落实生态经济的一种协作方式,这种方式不仅可提高资源的利用效率,而且可以降低环境污染,利于生态平衡。而在废弃链中,库存成本的优化和分摊问题涉及废弃链的运作效率和良性发展。文章首先构造了"单一废弃产生企业—单一废弃加工企业—单一废弃利用企业"的废弃链,然后比较了废弃链的分散库存成本和联合库存成本,接着利用Shapley值法对联合库存成本进行分摊,最后用算例对前述理论进行验证和说明。发现以下事实:(1)在废弃链中,联合库存成本低于分散库存成本;(2)废弃链联合库存下的最优库存量并不总低于分散库存下的最优库存量;(3)废弃物提取有用物质比例,这一参数影响到废弃链各成员对联合库存成本的承担度;(4)联合库存成本策略对废弃链成员企业而言是共赢的。The waste chain is a cooperative way which enterprise use to carry out the ecological economy. This method not only can improve the efficiency of resource use, but also reduce the pollution of the environment, and conducive to the ecological balance. However, in the waste chain, the problem of inventory cost optimization and allocation relates to the waste chain operation efficiency and benign development. In this paper, a waste chain of ＂single waste producing enterprise-single waste handling enterprise-single waste using enterprise＂ was established. Then, the comparisons between dispersed inventory cost and jointly managed inventory cost were made. After that, the jointly managed inventory was allocated by the method of Shapley value. At last, the theory was verified and explained by the example. This paper found the following fact： （1） In the waste chain, joint inventory cost is lower than the decentralized inventory cost; （2） The waste chain optimal jointly managed inventory is not always lower than the dispersed optimal inventory; （3） Per unit of useful material for waste demand, this parameter affects the joint inventory cost allocation of the waste chain members; （4） Joint inventory cost strategy is the win-win of the waste chain enterprises.

关 键 词：生态经济 废弃链 联合库存 SHAPLEY值 

分 类 号：F270[经济管理—企业管理] F062.2[经济管理—国民经济] X7[环境科学与工程—环境工程]