文冠果籽油的超临界萃取及其脂肪酸组成  

Supercritical extraction and fatty acid composition of seed oil in Xanthoceras sorbifolia

作　　者：王娅丽 赵卫英 刘思洋 王钰 

机构地区：[1]宁夏林业研究所股份有限公司西北特色经济林栽培与利用国家地方联合工程研究中心,宁夏银川750004 [2]青铜峡铝业股份有限公司实业分公司,宁夏吴忠751603

出　　处：《经济林研究》2014年第1期135-139,共5页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区科技攻关计划项目"生态经济植物文冠果优良单株选育及栽培技术研究";国家973计划课题(2010CB735702)

摘　　要：为了更加科学而有效地开发与利用文冠果,应用CO2超临界萃取技术,对文冠果籽油的提取工艺条件进行了试验研究,并对超临界萃取的文冠果籽油的各项理化指标值和脂肪酸组成进行了测定与分析。提取试验结果表明,CO2超临界萃取文冠果籽油的工艺条件为:萃取压力30 MPa,萃取温度50℃,C O2流量40 L/h,萃取时间150 min;在此条件下出油率可达44.56%。测定结果表明:文冠果籽油的折光指数n20为1.474 5,相对密度d20为0.917 3,其水分与挥发性物质的含量为0.38%,酸值0.51 mg/g,过氧化值0.000 9 g/g,碘值1.214 g/g,皂化值214 mg/g;超临界萃取的文冠果籽油主要含有亚油酸(40.9%)、油酸(29.5%)、芥酸(8.89%)、棕榈酸(4.95%)、硬脂酸(2.13%)和亚麻酸(0.4%)、花生四烯酸(0.02%)及山嵛酸(0.53%),其中不饱和脂肪酸的总含量为82.22%。In order to scientifically effectively develop and utilize Xanthoceras sorbiflia, process conditions of seed oil extraction were researched by CO2 supercritical extraction techniques, and its physicochemical properties and fatty acid composition were analyzed. The results show that the optimum parameters of supercritical extraction of seed oil in X. sorbiflia are extraction pressure 30 MPa, temperature 50℃, CO2 flow 40 L/h, and extraction time150 min, respectively. Under the conditions, extraction rate can reach 44.56%. The refractive index n^20 is 1.4745, relative density d^20 is 0.917 3, moisture and volatile matter content is 0.38%, acid value 0.51 mg/g, peroxide value 0.000 9 g/g, iodine value is 1.214 g/ g, and saponification value is 214 mg/g, respectively. The fatty acids of seed oil extracted by supercritical fluid mainly consist of linoleic acid （40.9%）, oleie acid （29.5%）, erucic acid （8.89%）, palmitic acid （4.95%）, stearic acid （2.13%）, linolenic acid （0.4%）, arachidonic acid （0.02%） and behenic acid （0.53%）. The total content of unsaturated fatty acids is 82.22%.

关 键 词：文冠果 超临界萃取 脂肪酸成分分析 

分 类 号：S664.9[农业科学—果树学]