基于DEA方法的中国高科技创业企业运营效率研究  

A Study on Operational Efficiency of Hi-tech Startups in China Based on DEA Methods

作　　者：熊婵[1] 买忆媛[1] 何晓斌[2] 肖仁桥[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学管理学院,武汉430074 [2]复旦大学管理学院,上海200433

出　　处：《管理科学》2014年第2期26-37,共12页Journal of Management Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(71372136);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20120142110043);国家软科学研究计划(2013GXS4D132);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(CXY13Q035)~~

摘　　要：中国高科技创业企业的发展一直备受关注。鉴于创业企业的低存活率以及高科技企业的高投入和高风险等特征,对高科技创业企业的运营效率进行测度和评价具有重要的理论意义和现实意义。综合基本DEA效率评价模型及改进竞争型DEA交叉效率模型,以企业的技术创新、广告投入、品牌价值等若干高科技企业的重要运营指标作为评价指标,对中国不同地区的高科技创业企业的运营效率进行评价,并对各地区非DEA有效的高科技创业企业投入冗余和产出不足情况进行分析。研究结果表明,中国高科技创业企业整体运营效率偏低,不同地区的运营效率存在一定差异;绝大多数高科技创业企业呈规模收益递增,符合创业企业高成长性的特征;各地区高科技创业企业均存在显著的科研投入冗余,且对企业品牌资产重视不足;投入产出结构不合理是造成企业规模效率不高的主要原因。针对这些问题给出相应的政策建议。Hi-tech startups have always been much concerned. According to the low-survival rate of startups and high-investment and high-risk features of the hi-tech enterprises, measuring and evaluating the operational efficiency for hi-tech startups has great theoretical and practical significance. Combining the basic DEA efficiency-evaluating model and the improved aggressive DEA- based cross-efficiency model, this study selects operational indicators for hi-tech startups such as technology innovation, advertis- ing cost, and brand value as core evaluation indices. We evaluate the operational efficiencies of Chinese hi-tech startups and ana- lyze the input redundancy and output deficiency of DEA-inefficiency hi-tech startups in different regions. The results show that： ①the operational efficiencies of Chinese hi-tech startups are low in general and differ in various regions; ②most hi-tech startups have an increasing return to scale, which is in accord with the characteristic of high-growth of startups; ③hi-tech startups in all regions have significant redundancy in R＆D input and undervalue their brand equity; and ④the unreasonable frame in input-out- put of hi-tech startups is the main reason of their low scale efficiency. We also propose policy recommendations corresponding to these problems.

关 键 词：高科技创业企业 运营效率 数据包络分析 交叉效率评价 

分 类 号：F272.2[经济管理—企业管理]