辽宁花生品种系谱分析及农艺性状的演变  

Pedigree Analysis and Evolution of Agronomic Traits for Peanut Varieties Registered in Liaoning

作　　者：于树涛 于洪波 苏君伟 赵立仁 史普想 唐月异[2] 王秀贞[2] 吴琪[2] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁省风沙地改良利用研究所,阜新123000 [2]山东省花生研究所,青岛266100

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2014年第2期423-428,共6页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：国家花生产业技术体系建设(CARS-14);辽宁省科技厅科技攻关项目(2011201021);国家科技支撑计划课题(2012BAD36B00)

摘　　要：分析了辽宁省1949-2012年育成的95个花生品种系谱及农艺性状的演变。结果表明:辽宁花生育成品种共涉及100个亲本,其中,来自辽宁的有45个,49个是育种单位的中间材料,鲁花12号、白沙1016、伏花生、豫花11号等是辽宁花生育成品种的骨干亲本。进入21世纪以来,辽宁省育成的花生品种株高、侧枝长逐渐增加,从变异区间来看,百仁重、出米率呈增加趋势,而粗蛋白与粗脂肪含量变化较小。在分析辽宁省花生育种背景的基础上,提出辽宁省花生育种上宜重视回交手段的利用,发展食用型品种,把抗旱、抗寒、抗病、抗虫、耐连作作为重要的育种目标,利用生物技术手段和野生资源加速育种进程,进一步拓宽辽宁花生品种的遗传基础。Pedigree analysis and the changes of agronomic traits were studied based on the data of 95 peanut varieties registered in Liaoning from 1949 to 2012.The results showed that 100 varieties were used as parents for peanut breeding, and 45 parents originated from Liaoning, 49 parents were mid-strains. Luhua 12, Baisha1016, Fuhuasheng and Yuhua 11were backbone parents for peanut cultivars in Liaoning. From 2002-2012, plant height and length of lateral branches of peanut varieties registered in Liaoning showed an increasing tendency, and the variation range for 100 kernel weight and shelling outturn of peanut varieties registered in Liaoning also exhibited a similar trend. However, crude protein content and crude fat contentdid not vary considerably as compared with the quality traits during other periods. Based on the analysis of peanut breeding background in Liaoning, we proposed that the use of backcross in peanut breeding in the province should be strengthened, and that breeding food uses peanut cultivars with tolerance of drought, low temperature, diseases, pests and continuous cropping should be listed as important breeding objectives. Biotechnological means and wild peanut genetic resources should be utilized to hasten peanut breeding process and further broaden the gene base of peanut cultivars in the province.

关 键 词：辽宁 花生 系谱分析 性状演变 

分 类 号：S565.2[农业科学—作物学]