临床测量颌面部部分解剖距离  

The Anatomical Distance of Maxillofacial in Clinical Measurements

作　　者：胡彬[1] 吴仲烨[1] 李玲霞[1] 刘磊[1] 薛鹏[1] 秦妮娜[1] 任斐[1] 陈彬[1] 张兆伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]延安大学附属医院,陕西延安716000

出　　处：《中国医学创新》2014年第8期122-124,共3页Medical Innovation of China

摘　　要：目的：探讨颌面部部分解剖距离与鼻、口、咽腔解剖结构方面的关联，以便为经鼻气管内插管做前期准备。方法：选择ASAⅠ~Ⅱ级，拟行气管内麻醉患者100例，对所有患者快速诱导，普通弯喉镜经口明视下测量口咽部解剖距离，麻醉平稳后测量颌面部部分解剖距离。结果：鼻耳距（BEJ）男女直距分别是10.9、10.2 cm，弧距分别是12.1、11.3 cm；鼻壁距（BBJ）男女分别8.5、8.4 cm；腭壁距（EBJ）男女分别3.0、2.8 cm；杓高度（SGD）头端约0.3~0.4 cm、尾端1.4~1.6 cm；鼻后距（BHJ）男女分别5.4、5.3 cm；孔喉距（KHJ）男女分别是12.4、11.9 cm；杓壁距（SBJ）男女分别是1.5、1.4 cm。孔喉距与鼻耳距的弧距长度相当（P〉0.05）；男女各参数比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论：鼻翼根部至耳垂根部的弧线距离大约等于鼻后孔下缘至喉口的距离；按照这一长度和导管前端略翘起塑形导管，形成两个弯曲有利于从下鼻道经鼻后孔拐弯到口咽腔；导管进入咽腔导管头已接近喉口；导管前端略翘起有利于越过杓状软骨间切迹至食道后壁这一“台阶”进入声门。Objective：To investigate the anatomical distance between maxillofacial,nose,mouth and pharynx. Prepare for nasotracheal intubation. Method：100 common Chinese of ASA I-II patients（50 cases of men and women） who underwent endotracheal anesthesia were chosen. After rapid induction,measure the anatomical distance between maxillofacial,nose,mouth and pharynx when anesthesia stable by general curved laryngoscope. Result：The distance of BCJ on men and women were respectively 10.9,10.2 cm. Arc distance were 12.1,11.3 cm;the BBJ were 8.5,8.4 cm;the EBJ were 3.0,2.8 cm;the SGD in headend about 0.3-0.4 cm and in end were about 1.4-1.6 cm;the BHJ were 5.4,5.3 cm;the KHJ were 12.4,11.9 cm;the SBJ were 1.5,1.4 cm. Pore throat and nose ears away from the length of arc distance quite （P〉0.05）;Men and women each parameter comparison difference had no statistical significance（P〉0.05）. Conclusion：The arc distance of BCJ is approximately equal to the KHJ;According this length to bending tube which headend slightly cocked,formed two bend which conducive the tube turn off to pharyngo-oral cavity through choana;the tube head is nearing throat when the tube into cavity of pharynx;the tube which headend slightly cocked conducive to get into glottis over the“step”from incisura interarytenoidea laryngis to esophagus posterior wall.

关 键 词：临床测量 颌面部 解剖距离 经鼻气管内插管 

分 类 号：R78[医药卫生—口腔医学]