基于自适应Agent的地铁站台乘客集散仿真研究  

Simulation of Passenger Flows on Urban Rail Transit Platform Based on Adaptive Agents

作　　者：许奇[1] 毛保华[1,2] 李明高[1] 冯旭杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学城市复杂系统理论与技术教育部重点实验室,北京100044 [2]北京交通大学中国综合交通研究中心,北京100044

出　　处：《交通运输系统工程与信息》2014年第1期28-33,46,共7页Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(71131001);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2012CB725406);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2012YJS053)

摘　　要：作为提高地铁运行效率与服务水平的基础研究,地铁乘客集散仿真应综合考虑建筑环境、设施配置、运输组织三方面对乘客集散效率的影响.本文构建了乘客自适应Agent模型,从环境感知、行为决策、动作执行三方面建立基于神经元模型的环境拥挤感知模型,考虑拥挤的运动行为启发规则、运动状态离散更新规则.在构建乘客微观行为动力学模型的基础上,以典型的地铁岛式站台乘客集散为研究对象,建立地铁站台乘客集散仿真模型.仿真结果表明,在地铁站台建筑空间环境和设施设备配置确定的情况下,乘降客流需求和列车发车间隔对地铁站台最大乘客数及乘客集散效率影响显著.Modeling and simulation of passenger flows on urban rail transit platform is a key issue in improving operation efficiency and service of level of urban rail transit,which should consider architectural environment,facilities implementation,and transportation organization.To simulate this kind of passenger for planning or evaluation,3-layer architecture adaptive agent model is proposed to simulate passenger microscopic behaviors,which is based on visual perception module,making-decisions module,and action execution module.In respect of perception of agents,we construct a neuron-model-based perception model of environmental crowding to examine how individual URT passengers on the move represent the visual information of environmental crowding.Then,we define rules for behaviors based on cognitive heuristics for making-decisions module,and propose a discrete rule for the updating of passenger movement state for action execution module.Based on modeling passenger behavior dynamics,a microscopic simulation model for complex passenger flows on urban rail transit platform is developed.As a case study,the passenger flows scenarios of an island platform of urban rail transit station are simulated.Simulation results show that boarding and alighting passengers demand and train departure frequency have a remarkable impact on the maximum number of assembling passengers on platform and efficiency of mustering and evacuating under given conditions of building environment and facilities.

关 键 词：城市交通 地铁 微观行为模型 自适应AGENT 乘客集散仿真 拥挤感知建模 

分 类 号：U293.1[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]