桥区航道优化布置设计研究  

Research on Fairway Layout in Bridge Waters

作　　者：艾万政[1] 丁天明[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江海洋学院海运与港航建筑工程学院,浙江舟山316000

出　　处：《交通运输系统工程与信息》2014年第1期131-137,共7页Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金(Y5110084);浙江海洋学院课题(X12ZD02)

摘　　要：桥区航道布置与交通事故密切相关.我国关于桥区航道布置规范主要考虑的因素是船舶的船型尺度,并没有考虑船舶的操纵特性和桥区水流条件.如果按照我国的相关规范来设计桥区航道,是不利于船舶通航安全的.因此有必要综合考虑船舶的操纵性、桥区的水流特性及船型尺度来探讨桥区航道的布置方法.本文重点研究了船舶在桥区操纵性及桥区水流特性,并在此基础上提出了桥区顺直航道及桥区弯曲航道的优化布置设计方法.研究结果表明:桥区的航道宽度是布置桥区航道的关键.桥区的航道宽度设计应充分考虑船舶的操纵性及桥墩水流特性;桥区航道宽度应该是船舶航迹带宽度、船舶操纵性所引起的附加宽度、船间距离等参变量的叠加,同时桥区的航道应该布置在桥墩紊流区范围之外.通过以上分析,本文还从船舶操纵理论及统计理论两个角度提出了桥区航道布置方法.Bridge area traffic accident is closely related with fairway layout.The important considered factors in bridge waters fairway layout are mainly ship＇s dimensions,ship＇s maneuvering characteristics and water＇s condition are neglected in Chinese fairway layout regulation.It is adverse to ship＇s safety navigation if only ship＇s dimensions are considered in fairway layout engineering.So it is necessary to study fairway layout in bridge waters based on considering all related factors.Ship＇s maneuvering characteristics,water＇s condition and the fairway layout method in bridge waters are studied.The results show that fairway＇s width in bridge waters include ship＇s track width,distance between ships,additional width caused by ship＇s maneuvering characteristics.Meanwhile,the fairway in bridge waters should be outside of pier＇s turbulent scope.Fairway layout methods are put forward by using ship maneuvering theory and statistical theory respectively.

关 键 词：水路运输 交通事故 操纵性 航道宽度 浮标 

分 类 号：U698[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程]