不确定条件下的城市应急车辆调度模型研究  

Model of Emergency Vehicle Scheduling under Uncertainty

作　　者：赵韩涛[1] 毛宏燕[2] 黄瑞锦 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学(威海)汽车工程学院,山东威海264209 [2]哈尔滨工业大学(威海)图书馆,山东威海264209 [3]哈尔滨工业大学交通科学与工程学院,哈尔滨150090

出　　处：《交通运输系统工程与信息》2014年第1期187-191,共5页Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(51308165);哈尔滨工业大学科研创新基金资助(HIT.NSRIF.2014134);山东省科技攻关项目(2009GG20008020)

摘　　要：为了改善不确定条件下突发事件的响应效率,用数学规划的方法优化了城市应急车辆调度模型.针对现有调度数学模型存在着立足于当前事件而忽略防范未来事件的问题,建立了以带权重响应时间成本为目标函数的数学公式,并从时空限制的角度初步探讨了不同交通流量下的行程时间计算.案例研究结果表明:未来事件成真时,所建模型生成的调度策略减少了总体响应时间成本;置信水平的选取决定了系统对未来事件的重视程度,趋向于1时侧重防范未来严重事件,趋向于0时优先考虑当前事件.To improve emergency response efficiency under uncertainty,the urban emergency vehicle scheduling model is optimized by the use of mathematical planning.Existing scheduling models are only built in accordance with current incidents while ignoring future incidents.Differently,to prevent future incidents,this paper establishes the mathematical formula which minimized the overall response time cost with weight as the objective function.From the perspective of time and space constraints,travel time calculation of emergency vehicle is discussed under different traffic flow.Case results show that,if the potential incidents really occur,the overall response time cost will be minimized by the scheduling policy.Furthermore,confidence level is selected to measure what extent the future incidents should be considered in response system.Meantime future serious incidents should be focused on prevention as confidence level tends to one,while current incidents would be responded with a priority as confidence level tends to zero.

关 键 词：交通工程 应急 车辆调度 不确定条件 行程时间 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]