罗纳德·吉尔的科学视角主义  

Ronald Giere's Scientific Perspectivism

作　　者：朱彦明[1] 汤伟松[1] 

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学哲学系,湖南湘潭411105

出　　处：《科学技术哲学研究》2014年第2期20-24,共5页Studies in Philosophy of Science and Technology

摘　　要：罗纳德·吉尔将视角主义应用于解释科学现象,他将科学观察和理论模型都看成是视角的,并形成了对科学知识的视角主义解释。在他看来,科学家认识世界,观察工具和理论模型,都不是完全透明的,即都不是对世界的直接记录和陈述,透过它们,科学家获得的是关于世界的局部的、有限度的知识,而非与世界本身相符的客观真理。吉尔挑战了关于科学知识的两级解释即客观实在论和建构主义,他的科学视角主义,实际上选择了一种较为温和的中间立场。Ronald Giere＇ s interpretation of scientific observation and theoretical model as perspectival phenomenon poses a perspectivist scientific knowledge. In his view, the observational tool and theoretical model which a scientist uses is not fully transparent, not a direct record and statement of the whole world, but a partial and limited perspec- tive,in which there are no objective truth about the world. In fact, Giere＇ s scientific perspectivism is actually a moderate way between objective realism and constructivism, both of which represent an extreme stand in their inter- pretation of science.

关 键 词：客观实在论 建构主义 视角 视角主义 相对主义 

分 类 号：N02[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]