北京市丰台区居民健康知识和行为调查  

Survey on health knowledge and behaviors among residents in Fengtai District,Beijing

作　　者：吴永泽[1] 李洁[1] 吴淑霞[1] 岳芳[1] 李靖琳[1] 孟艳[1] 郑金梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市丰台区疾病预防控制中心,北京100071

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2014年第1期39-41,44,共4页Chinese Journal of Health Education

基　　金：北京市科学技术委员会课题(Z111107056811042)

摘　　要：目的了解北京市丰台区居民对健康知识的知晓情况和健康行为情况，为开展健康教育和健康促进工作提供科学的参考依据。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法，随机抽取9个丰台区街乡镇的27个居委会／行政村，从每个居委会／行政村中按北京市18～79岁常住人口性别和年龄构成等比例选取100人作为调查对象，使用调查问卷共调查2700人。结果北京市丰台区居民的总体健康知识知晓率为73.24％，健康行为形成率为68.14％。非北京市户籍、男性、文化程度低、以体力劳动为主的职业和家庭收入较低的居民对健康知识的知晓率和健康行为形成率都较低，不同特征人群的组别之间对健康知识知晓率和健康行为形成率的差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。居民对健康生活方式和安全与急救两个方面健康知识的知晓率较高，分别为79.97％和78.09％；对慢性病预防和地方病两个方面健康知识的知晓率较低，为65.74％和60.50％。结论北京市丰台区居民的总体健康知识知晓率尚可，但特定人群的健康知识知晓率仍较低，不同方面健康知识的知晓率差别较大，需针对不同人群和知晓率较低的健康知识开展有针对性的健康教育和健康促进工作。Objective To investigate the status of health knowledge and behaviors among residents in Fengtai District, and provide a scientific basis for conducting health education and health promotion work. Methods Using multi-stage stratified random sampling method, 27 communities/villages were randomly selected from nine streets of Fengtai District, then 100 residents aged 18 to 79 years old were selected from each committees/villages based sex and age ratio of Beijing res- idents population, total 2700 residents were investigated by a questionnaire survey finally. Results The overall awareness rate of health knowledge was 73.24%, health behaviors formation rate was 68.14%. The health knowledge awareness rates and health behaviors formation rate were lower among residents who was non-Beijing permanent residents, male, lower level of education, manual-based professional or low-income, and there had statistically significant differences （P 〈0.01 ） among different populations. The awareness rates of healthy lifestyles, safety and first aid were higher, accounting for 79. 97% and 78.09% , respectively. The awareness rates of chronic disease prevention and endemic disease health knowledge were lower, 65.74% and 60.50% , respectively. Conclusion The overall health knowledge awareness rate was acceptable, but it was lower in specific population and specific aspects of health knowledge. Therefore, health education and health promotion targeted to specific populations and aspects of health knowledge was needed.

关 键 词：健康知识 健康行为 知晓率 形成率 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]