基于能量重心法的列车轴承多普勒畸变故障声信号校正诊断研究  

Doppler distortion removal based on energy centrobaric method for wayside fault diagnosis of train bearings by acoustic signals

作　　者：张翱[1] 胡飞[1] 沈长青[1] 刘方[1] 何清波[1] 孔凡让[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学精密机械与精密仪器系,合肥230027

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2014年第5期1-7,19,共8页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51075379)

摘　　要：由麦克风采集的运动声源信号存在多普勒畸变现象,这极大的增加了对信号分析的难度,针对这一问题,提出了一种基于能量重心法的多普勒畸变校正方法,并将其应用在列车轴承故障诊断中。首先由基于能量重心法的瞬时频率(IF)估计(IFE)来获取IF向量,在莫尔斯声学理论的基础上,对IF向量进行非线性拟合,进而得到在时域进行重采样的时间间隔序列,再对原信号进行重采样处理,即可实现多普勒畸变的消除。最后做了一个仿真和列车轴承内外圈故障声信号的实验,分析的结果验证了此种方法的有效性。The phenomenon of Doppler distortion in the acoustic signal of moving acoustic source acquired with a microphone leads to the difficulty in signal analysis.A Doppler distortion removal method based on energy centrobaric method was proposed to solve the problem,and was applied in the fault diagnosis of train bearings.The instantaneous frequency （IF）estimation （IFE）based on energy centrobaric method was applied to attain the IF vector.According to Morse acoustic theory,the data fitting was then carried out to achieve the fitting of IFs with which the re-sampling sequence was established and taken as the re-sampling vector in time domain.Through resampling,Doppler distortion effect could be removed.A simulation and an experiment with practical acoustic signals of train bearings with defects on outer race and inner race were carried out.The results verified the effectiveness of the proposed method.

关 键 词：多普勒畸变 能量重心法 瞬时频率估计 列车轴承 故障诊断 

分 类 号：TH165.3[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]