“细读”溯源  

Origin of Close Reading

作　　者：付骁[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学文学院,江苏南京210093

出　　处：《重庆第二师范学院学报》2014年第2期56-61,85,共7页Journal of Chongqing University of Education

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"语言转向视野下的文学理论问题重估研究"(编号:11BZW002)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：在西方文学批评史上,"细读"(Close Reading)是后辈研究者总结的美国"新批评派"的核心批评方法。考其英语原文,英国批评家瑞恰兹首先提出"Closeness of Reading",美国批评家克林斯·布鲁克斯的表述则是"Careful Reading"。"Close Reading"可能是前两者的转述或再转述。"细读"的创造者是布鲁克斯的老师兰色姆,在美国梵特比尔大学英语系任教时,他即以此法分析文学作品。细读过程需要不停向学生提问,其主要性质是一种文学教学和研究的方法,和英语系传统的传记研究方法相对应。布鲁克斯在梵特比尔大学和牛津大学求学期间,以细读为特色的文学教学理念和文学批评方法开始成型。In the history of western literary criticism,Close Reading is the New Criticism's core critical method in America concluded by the following researchers.Originally,it was the British critic Richards who first proposed the statement ‘Closeness of Reading',while the American critic Cleanth Brooks called it ‘Careful Reading'.Close Reading may be the report of the two or even the re-report.The creator of Close Reading was the Brooks' teacher,Ransom,who analyzed literary works with the method while teaching in the English Department of Vanderbilt University in the USA.The process of Close Reading needs to keep asking questions to the students.The main character is a method of literature teaching and research,contrary to the traditional biographical research method.During the study life at Vanderbilt University and Oxford University,Brooks began forming his concept of literature teaching and method of literary criticism characterized by Close Reading.

关 键 词：细读 新批评 布鲁克斯 

分 类 号：I109[文学—世界文学]