先天性神经元移行异常的CT及MRI诊断价值  

Diagnosis value of CT and MRI for congenital neuronal migrational anomaly

作　　者：章辉庆[1] 吴昊[1] 邱晓晖[1] 夏俊立[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽省亳州市人民医院影像中心,安徽亳州236800

出　　处：《安徽医药》2014年第2期292-294,共3页Anhui Medical and Pharmaceutical Journal

摘　　要：目的总结神经元移行异常的CT及MRI表现特点,以提高诊断及鉴别诊断能力。方法回顾分析该院诊断为神经元移行异常16例患者的临床及影像学资料。结果 16例患者中(1例灰质异位合并巨脑回畸形),CT及MRI表现为灰质异位10例(Ⅰ型室管膜下6例,Ⅱ型皮层下4例),其中伴脑裂畸形1例、胼胝体发育不全4例;巨脑回畸形4例,其中伴脑裂畸形1例、胼胝体发育不全1例;无脑回畸形3例,其中伴脑穿通畸形1例。灰质异位表现为室管膜下及白质内团块状、结节状或带状等灰质密度/信号。巨脑回畸形表现为脑回体积增大、皮质增厚、数目减少。无脑回畸形表现为脑表面平滑、脑沟浅平、皮质增厚、白质变薄,大脑呈"8"字形脑。结论 CT和MRI能够良好显示脑神经元移行异常的病理特征,有助于临床准确诊断,是诊断神经元移行异常的首选检查方法。Objective To summarize the features of neuron migration anomalies on CT and MRI to improve the ability of diagnosis and differential diagnosis. Methods Clinical and radiological data of 16 cases with neuron migration anomalies were analysed. Results In all cases（ with gray matter heterotopia and pachygyria in 1 case）,there were gray matter heterotopia in 10 cases（ Ⅰ type 6 cases,Ⅱtype 4 cases） including schizencephaly in 1 case and callosal agenesis in 4 cases; pachygyria in 4 cases with schizencephaly in 1 case and callosal agenesis in 1 case; congenital agyria in 3 cases with porencephaly 1 case. Gray matter heterotopia appeared as nodules,masses or bands located in white matter or periventricular regions,with identical signal intensities or densities to the normal gray matter. Pachygyria showed thickened gray matter with the increased volume and decreased number. In congenital agyria,the surface of cerebral hemispheres was smooth,cortical sulci were shallow with thickened cortex and thin white matter,and the brain was＂8＂shape. Conclusions CT and MRI can demonstrate pathological features of neuron migration anomalies,and provide accurate diagnosis to clinician,which are the preferred method for examination diagnosis of neuron migration anomalies.

关 键 词：颅脑 神经元移行异常 体层摄影术 X线计算机 磁共振成像 

分 类 号：R741[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]