颧面孔与颧眶孔的解剖学研究  

An anatomical study of zygomaticofacial and zygomaticoorbital foramina

作　　者：李京[1] 任振峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]济宁医学院基础学院,山东济宁272067

出　　处：《济宁医学院学报》2014年第1期14-16,共3页Journal of Jining Medical University

基　　金：济宁医学院青年基金项目(编号:JYQ2011KM022)

摘　　要：目的：为颧眶区手术提供解剖学基础。方法对117例（共234侧）人颅骨标本颧面孔及颧眶孔进行观测,根据孔的数量分型；采用游标卡尺测量颧面孔、颧眶孔与眶外下缘的距离；对颧面孔、颧眶孔的对称性分布进行统计学分析。结果1）颧面孔、颧眶孔为Ⅰ-Ⅱ型（1-2个）比例较高；2）颧面孔距眶外下缘平均0.9 cm（范围0.6-1.9 cm）；颧眶孔距眶外下缘平均1.2 cm（范围0.8-2.1 cm）；3）单侧颧眶孔与颧面孔的对称性分布：A组（两者均为1个孔）33侧,B组（2个孔）40侧,C 组（3个孔）7侧；3组比较有统计学差异（P＆lt;0.05）。结论对颧面孔及颧眶孔的观测有助于理解面部及眶部神经、血管的变异情况,提高颊区及眶区手术的安全性,减少并发症。Objective To examine the usefulness of the zygomaticofacial and zygomaticoorbital foramina （ZFF, ZOF）during obitozygomatic surgeries.Methods The present study was performed with 1 1 7 dry human skulls.We classified each of these foramina as type Ⅰ-Ⅵ for single,double,triple,quadruple,quintuple and absent foramina respectively.Results The relative frequence was as following：type Ⅰ：ZFF 103,ZOF 95;type Ⅱ：ZFF 61,ZOF 75;type Ⅲ：ZFF 40,ZOF 26;type Ⅳ：ZFF 7,ZOF 8;type Ⅴ：ZFF 10,ZOF 2;type Ⅵ：ZFF 13,ZOF 24.The average distances from the two foramina to the lateral orbital margin was 0.9 cm （range 0.6-1.9 cm）and 1.2 cm （range 0.8-2.1 cm）respectively.Symmetry analysis indicated that the zygomaticofacial nerve would have no more than three branches most probably （P＆lt;0.05）.Conclusion A detailed knowledge of the anatomical mor-phometry of this area is of great importance for a surgeon when performing maxillofacial surgery or regional block anesthesia.Anatomic variation of the area must be considered to prevent injury to the nerve during the lateral or-bital operations.

关 键 词：颧面孔 解剖学 手术 

分 类 号：R322.7[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]