无激光测距的动平台经纬仪单站精确测量  

Precise Measurement by Single Theodolite on Moving Platform without Laser Ranging

作　　者：晏晖[1] 吴衡[1] 胡丙华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国飞行试验研究院,西安710089

出　　处：《光电工程》2014年第4期30-34,共5页Opto-Electronic Engineering

基　　金：航空基金资助项目(2010ZD30004)

摘　　要：在空间较小的动平台上,光电经纬仪在目标进近下滑段离飞行目标距离很短(小于200 m),此时跟踪角速度大,很容易丢失激光合作目标,且会出现激光漫反射现象,导致激光测距信息无效。为解决无激光测距无法使用原有方法进行轨迹测量的问题,本文提出无激光测距的经纬仪单站精确测量方法,其在经纬仪精确标定的基础上,结合中线视频、经纬仪视频和平台运动姿态,采用空间几何和共线条件的方法实现目标单站定位测量。试验结果表明该方法具有标定简易、定位精度高、可靠性强等优点,动态条件下实际测量精度,飞行方向优于0.3 m,高程方向优于2.5 cm,由中线视频获得的偏航精度优于5 cm,满足测试需求。On moving platform with little space, theodolite is apt to lose laser cooperation object and appear laser diffuse reflection phenomenon leading laser measurement distance information invalid, which is because of the short intercept and fast tracking angular velocity in the target approach segment （from the flying targets 〈200 m）. In order to solve the problem that non-laser ranging can not use the original method to measure trace, a method of precise measurement by single theodolite on moving platform without laser ranging is presented based on the principle of spatial geometry and collinear condition, the combination of theodolite accurately calibration, midline video, theodolite video and motion attitudes of moving platform. Test result shows that the method has the advantage of simple calibration, high positioning accuracy and reliability, etc., and the actual measurement accuracy under dynamic conditions is better than 0.3 m in the flight direction, 2.5 cm in elevation direction and 5 cm in yaw direction obtained from midline video, meeting the test requirements.

关 键 词：动平台 光电经纬仪 无激光测距 航迹测量 进近段 

分 类 号：TN29[电子电信—物理电子学] V556.5[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]