腐烂茎线虫侵染马铃薯块茎与甘薯块茎危害症状比较  

The symptom compare study of rot stem nematode to damage sweet potato and potato tubers

作　　者：王宏宝[1,2] 赵桂东[1] 李茹[1] 熊战之[1] 吴险平[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏徐淮地区淮阴农业科学研究所,江苏淮安223001 [2]南京农业大学植保学院,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《广西农学报》2014年第1期26-28,共3页Journal of Guangxi Agriculture

基　　金：江苏省农业科技自主创新项目资助cx(10)454;淮安市科技局项目资助(编号:SN12060);淮安市农科院院长基金资助(2012)

摘　　要：利用室内打孔法接种腐烂茎线虫至马铃薯与甘薯块茎上观察比较发病症状及线虫定植情况。研究显示:马铃薯受线虫危害后,周皮变褐变黑,皱裂,切开病组织内部症状腐烂变色,同时由于马铃薯内部含水量大,有部分坏死组织发软,病变组织部位的表皮容易脱落;而甘薯受线虫危害后薯块失水重量减轻,组织内部变褐呈褐白相间干腐状,周皮部位呈现一圈坏死组织,与马铃薯周皮不尽相同;镜检马铃薯坏死组织线虫发生量不大,原因可能与坏死组织营养严重流失,生存环境恶化,不利于线虫生存有关;镜检马铃薯表皮层组织显示,有大量成虫和卵聚集在表皮层下的薄皮细胞里以及皮孔处,这对解释腐烂茎线虫对环境的适生性有一定意义;而在甘薯中线虫主要集中发生在髓部的干腐部位,发生量较大。Indoor inoculation of rot stem nematode to potato tubers was conducted to compare their symptom and planting condition. The research shows that damaged by the nematode, the potato＇s periderm will become brown and black, ruffling, cutting diseased tissues, the symptoms of inner discoloration and rot can be seen, meanwhile, because of the inner water content of the potato is big and part of necrotic tissues are softening, and skin is fall off easily. Indamaged sweet potato＇s tubers, it has water and weight loss, internal tissues are becoming brownish, white and dry rot, and necrotic tissues are presents in periderm, which is varying with potato periderm; microscopic examination shows that potato nematodes occurrence is not big amount in necrotic tissue, which may be due to a serious loss of nutrients, the deterioration of the living environment so that it is not conducive to survival of nematodes. Microscopic examination of potato epidermis tissue shows that a large number of adults and eggs gathered under the thin skin cells in the epidermis and stomata, which can explain the rot stem nematode＇s adaptability to environment, while sweet potato nematodes mainly occurred in the pith of dry rot part with large amount.

关 键 词：马铃薯 甘薯 腐烂茎线虫 危害症状 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]