民俗学视阙下近代甘青藏区的“男逸女劳”  

From the Perspective of Folklore the Tibet“Men at Ease and Women's Labor” Custom in Gansu and Qinghai in Modern Times

作　　者：僧海霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学历史文化学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《东北师大学报（哲学社会科学版）》2014年第2期57-63,共7页Journal of Northeast Normal University(Philosophy and Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金西部项目(12XZS008);教育部哲学社会科学研究后期(重点)资助项目(12JHQ007)

摘　　要：关于"男逸女劳",自近代以来备受汉地旅行家的特别关注。尽管在我国不很普遍,但也并非广西土著民族聚居区的独有现象,它在甘青藏区也长期存在。在其传承与发展的过程中,所衍生出来的"生女养老"的生育观和"赘婿盛行"的婚姻观促使其本身固定成俗。这些观念及其本身,似乎缘于劳动力缺乏,但实际上与宗教信仰关系重大。甘青藏区,地处高原寒区,固守陋习,发病率较高,医疗条件滞后,"枉死者众",劳动力本身就缺乏;再加上其远离汉区笃信藏传佛教,"男子以出家作喇嘛为荣",限于佛教教规而失去婚育机会,"生齿不繁",从而导致劳动力更加缺乏。尽管如此,对于被打上"劣生"烙印的女性来说,任劳任怨,也并非完全迫于这种形势,主要还是藏传佛教思想对其长期影响的结果。The Gansu Qinghai Tibetan ＂Men at ease and women＇s labor＂customs, has been attracted attention of Chinese traveler since modern times. In the process of inheritance and development, derived from the fertility concept--＂a girl aged＂ and marriage-- ＂son-in-law＇s popular＂, prompting the solidified into a custom. This custom and its derivative concept,seems to be due to lack of labor, but actually with religious matters. Gansu Qinghai Tibet region,located in the plateau cold region, stick to the bad habits, disease incidence rate is high, medical conditions lag, ＂to the public＂, labor itself lacks;Plus it is away from the Chinese believe in Tibetan Buddhism,＂man with a proud as Lama Buddhist canon＂,limited to lose growth opportunity,＂ population not complex＂, which leads to more lack of labor. Nevertheless, to be playing the ＂inferior＂ brand women, bear hardship without complaint, it＇s not completely under this kind of situation, the main or the influence of Tibetan Buddhism thought for its long term results.

关 键 词：男逸女劳 藏传佛教 甘青藏区 近代 

分 类 号：K281[历史地理—历史学]