论或然历史小说的历史观念与叙事特征  

On the Historical Notion and Narrative Features of Huo Ran's Historical Novels

作　　者：李锋[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海财经大学外语系,上海200433

出　　处：《复旦学报（社会科学版）》2014年第2期75-82,共8页Fudan Journal（Social Sciences）

摘　　要：或然历史小说中的背景世界是从"既定历史"的世界中分叉而来的,意在设想"假如历史不是这样则会怎样"的场景。这一特殊文类经历了一百多年的发展,始终保持对历史本质的深刻思考,并力图透过历史折射当下,以反映人们对当前各种社会问题的关注与思索。或然历史小说颠覆了"历史真实性"的概念,打破了传统历史的线性结构,强调个体行为和偶然事件的作用。就创作方式而言,这类小说带有强烈的后现代叙事特征(包括互文性、元小说性、空间性等),但又不是对已知历史的简单否定,而是通过不同历史间的相互对照,丰富读者观察的维度,从而引发对社会的思考和批判,推动人类对当下世界的改造和修正。As a divergence from the ＂actual history＂ in background, alternate history novels aim to imagine the ＂what if＂ scenarios. With over a hundred years of evolution, this unique genre closely examines the nature of history and, through history, tries to focus on the present, reflecting contemporary people＇s concerns over various social issues. Alternate history novels subvert the notion of ＂historical truth＂ and break the linear structure in traditional history; they put emphasis on the role of individual behaviors and contingencies. In terms of writing techniques, this type of novels has remarkable features of postmodern narrative, such as intertextuality, metafiction, spatiality, etc. However, alternate history novels are far from a simple damage or denial of the given history; instead, they, by means of a comparison between different histories, offer a new dimension for reader to observe and contemplate history. This will give rise to more social criticism, thus conducive to reshaping the present world.

关 键 词：或然历史小说 历史真实性 后现代 互文 元小说 

分 类 号：I106.4[文学—世界文学]