浑河上游河岸带土壤微生物数量及酶活性特征  

Soil Microbial Quantity and Soil Enzyme Activity Characteristics of Riparian Zone in Upper Reaches of Hunhe River

作　　者：孔涛[1,2] 吴祥云[3] 赵雪淞[3] 刘民[1] 黄静[1] 张丹[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁工程技术大学理学院,辽宁阜新123000 [2]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,辽宁沈阳110016 [3]辽宁工程技术大学环境科学与工程学院,辽宁阜新123000

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2014年第1期123-128,共6页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划课题"高效可持续农林复合系统构建及调控技术研究"(2011BAD38B0603)

摘　　要：为了研究浑河上游河岸带土壤质量现状，采用实地调查与实验室分析相结合的方式，测定了其天然灌木草地、次生林、人工松林和玉米地的土壤微生物数量和酶活性特征。结果表明，土壤微生物数量呈现出在天然灌木草地和次生林中最多，人工松林次之，玉米地最少的趋势；细菌在土壤微生物类群中占绝对优势，比例为99．87％～99．94％；土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶、磷酸酶、多酚氧化酶、过氧化氢酶活性变化范围分别为12．95～76．43，0．35～1．80，1．32～6．39，0．35～1．61rag／（g·d）及0．93～3．27ml／（g·20min）；5种土壤酶活性呈现出在天然灌木草地和次生林中最多，人工松林次之，玉米地最少的趋势；相关性分析中，细菌数量与5种酶活性显著正相关，放线菌数量与除了过氧化氢酶之外的其他4种酶活性显著正相关，真菌和蔗糖酶、磷酸酶和多酚氧化酶活性显著正相关。4种植被河岸带中，天然灌木草地和次生林具有最高的微生物数量和土壤酶活性，土壤质量高，是很好的河岸带形式。In order to study soil quality of riparian zone in the upper reaches of the Hunhe River, a field investigation combined with laboratory analysis was employed to determine soil microbial quantity and enzyme activity characteristics of natural shrub grassland, secondary forest, artificial pine forest and corn field. The four vegetation riparian zones, in order of decreasing soil microbial quantity, were natural shrub grassland and secondary forest, artificial pine forest, and corn field. Bacteria occupied the most in the soil microbial groups, with proportions of 99.87%-99.94%. The activities of soil invertase, urease, phosphatase, polyphenol oxidase and catalase were 12.95-76.43 mg/（g · d）, 0.35-1.80, 1.32-6.39, 0. 35-1.61 mg/（g · d） and 0.93-3.27 ml/（g· 20 min）, respectively. The four riparian zones, in order of decreasing activities of the five soil enzymes, were natural shrub grassland and secondary forest, artificial pine forest, and corn field. By correlation analysis, the quantity of bacteria had a significantly positive correlation with the activi- ties of the five enzymes, the quantity of actinomyces had a significantly positive correlation with the activities of the soil enzymes except hydrogen peroxide enzyme, and the quantity of fungi had significantly positive correlation with the activity of sucrase, phosphatase and polyphenol oxidase. In the four vegetation riparian zones, natural shrub grassland and secondary forest had the greatest microbial quantity, highest soil enzyme activity, and best soil quality and therefore, they are very good forms of riparian zone.

关 键 词：河岸带 土壤微生物数量 土壤酶活性 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]