秸秆添加对土壤有机碳库分解转化和组成的影响  

Effects of straw addition on decomposition,transformation and composition of soil organic carbon pool

作　　者：夏海勇[1,2] 王凯荣[2] 赵庆雷[2,3] 张正[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院作物研究所,济南250100 [2]青岛农业大学农业生态与环境健康研究所,青岛266109 [3]山东省水稻研究所,济南250100

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报》2014年第4期386-393,共8页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向性项目(KZCX3-SW-441);青岛农业大学人才基金项目(630436)资助

摘　　要：研究秸秆添加量对黄潮土和砂姜黑土有机碳库分解转化和组成的影响规律，为调节土壤碳循环、培肥地力提供科学依据。通过1年的室内培养试验，研究了添加0-400g-kg-1秸秆时，两种土壤的有机物料分解率、腐殖化系数、C／N及土壤活性有机碳、非活性有机碳、总有机碳和碳库活度（活性有机碳与非活性有机碳的比值）的变化。结果表明：随秸秆用量的增加，有机物料在土壤中的分解率增加，腐殖化系数降低；土壤活性有机碳、非活性有机碳、总有机碳含量和碳库活度均增加，与秸秆添加量呈极显著线性正相关关系；土壤活性有机碳和总有机碳含量问具有极显著线性正相关性关系，腐殖化系数同土壤碳库活度呈极显著线性负相关。与砂姜黑土相比，秸秆在黄潮土中更易分解，但黏粒含量较高的砂姜黑土更有利于土壤碳的储存。试验1年后．黄潮土活性有机碳占总有机碳的比例和碳库活度分别比砂姜黑土平均高7．6个百分点和12．3个百分点，砂姜黑土的腐殖化系数和C／N分别比黄潮土平均高3．2个百分点和2．3。综上，秸秆添加越多，碳库活度便越高，越有利于有机物料分解，降低腐殖化系数；黏粒含量越高，有机物料的分解受阻，腐殖化系数便越高。Most studies on straw decomposition in soil have been conducted with straw additions in the range of 0-100 g of straw per kilogram of soil. Actually, straw could be unevenly incorporated into soil resulting in very high local straw addition amounts, higher than 100 g per kilogram of soil under field conditions. There have been contradictory research results about straw decomposition in soil with straw addition of less than 100 g per kilogram of soil. In this study, the effects of straw addition amounts on organic carbon decomposition, composition and liability of yellow fluvo-aquic soils and lime concretion black soils were studied to develop a theoretical basis for straw decomposition in soils, and improvements in soil carbon cycle and soil fertility for high-harvest cultivation. After one year of indoor soil incubation with straw addition amounts of 0-400 g per kilogram of soil at （35±1） ℃ and 80%-95% field water capacity, the decomposition rates and humification coefficients of soil organic matter, soil C/N ratio, active soil organic carbon （AOC）, inactive organic carbon （IOC）, total organic carbon （TOC）, AOC/TOC ratio and carbon lability （soil AOC/IOC ratio, L%） were determined. The results showed that humification coefficients of total soil organic matter were 20%-35%. With increasing straw dose, humification coefficient decreased while organic matter decomposition rate, AOC, IOC, TOC and L increased. These variables were significantly （P 〈 0.01） and positively correlated with straw addition amount. Also while a significant （P 〈 0.01） and positive correlation was noted between AOC and TOC, the correlation between the humification coefficient and L was significant （P 〈 0.01） but negative. The contents of clay particles smaller than 0.002 mm in yellow fluvo-aquicsoils and lime concretion black soils were 33% and 41%, respectively. Straw was more likely to break down in yellow fluvo-aquic soils than in lime concretion black soils. Higher clay content in lime concretion b

关 键 词：添加秸秆 土壤有机质 秸秆分解速率 腐殖化系数 土壤有机碳库 碳库活度 

分 类 号：S158.5[农业科学—土壤学]