北京市海淀区1078名户籍妇女未参与宫颈癌免费筛查的原因调查分析  

Reasons for not Involved in Free Screening of Cervical Cancers:Analysis of 1078 Resident Women in Beijing Haidian District

作　　者：孟超[1] 赵温[1] 周钰[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市海淀区妇幼保健院,100080

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2014年第5期536-538,共3页Chinese General Practice

摘　　要：目的 了解妇女知晓宫颈癌免费筛查却未进行筛查的原因,评估宫颈癌筛查健康传播的效果,为继续开展宫颈癌免费筛查工作提供参考.方法采用横断面调查,对1 078名海淀区2009年知晓宫颈癌免费筛查却未进行筛查的25～65岁户籍妇女进行问卷调查.问卷内容包括基本信息、对宫颈癌免费筛查的知晓途径、宫颈癌认知途径、未参加宫颈癌免费筛查的原因.结果 对宫颈癌免费筛查的知晓途径主要为：通过社区分发的宣传材料595名（55.2%）,通过电视等新闻媒体292名（27.1%）.宫颈癌认知途径主要为：电视网络等媒体740名（68.6%）,社区医生宣传591名（54.8%）.未参加筛查的主要原因为定期体检包含筛查项目334名（31.0%）及没时间302名（28.0%）,两者年龄分布差异有统计学意义（χ2=26.116,P=0.000）;文化程度、职业分布差异均无统计学意义（χ2值分别为0.006和0.000,P值分别为0.997和1.000）.结论 通过社区发放宣传材料和多种形式的媒体宣传等途径来宣传宫颈癌免费筛查是有效的,应该在今后的宫颈癌免费筛查工作中进一步推广,使更多妇女了解并知晓宫颈癌免费筛查及其重要性.针对因各种原因未能参加筛查的妇女要通过各种形式的宣传、讲座,使其对宫颈癌免费筛查真正重视;对于广泛存在的原因应采取积极的应对措施给予解决,以大幅度地提高筛查率.Objective To learn about the reasons for women not involved in free screening of cervical cancers （CC） and evaluate the effects of health education for CC screening, to provide a basis for carrying on free CC screening. Methods A cross - sectional questionnaire survey was conducted in 1 078 25 - 65 - year - old resident women who had not participated in free CC screening. The questionnaire included basic information, approaches of knowing the CC screening, CC cognitive approa- ches, reasons for not participating in CC screening. Results The approaches of knowing CC screening were mainly publicity materials distributed by communities （595 women, 55.2% ）, news media （292 women, 27.1% ）. Cognitive approaches of C C knowledge were mainly media such as TV, network （740 women, 68. 6% ）, community doctors＇ propaganda （591 women, 54. 8% ）. The reasons for not participating in the screening were their regular physical examination containing CC screening （334 women, 31.0% ） and not having time （302 women, 28.0% ）, and there was significant difference in age distribution be- classification （ X = 0. 000, re- tween 2 groups（~2 =26. ll6,P =0. 000） ;There was not in educational level,occupational ~ . 2 006,0. spectively, P = 0. 997,1. 000, respectively）. Conclusion Propagandizing free CC screening by publicity materials, varying medias and other approaches is effective,which should be popularized in future work to make more women understand CC screening and its importance. Coping measures should be taken to solve the existing reasons to improve the screening rate.

关 键 词：宫颈肿瘤 筛查 知晓度 

分 类 号：R737.33[医药卫生—肿瘤]