小学生预防重点传染病知识行为干预效果评价  

Effectiveness of intervention on infectious disease-related knowledge and practice among primary school students

作　　者：陈仁友[1] 甄丽红[2] 张少华[1] 魏霞[1] 周培静[1] 孙桐[1] 李凤霞[1] 康殿民[1] 柴燕[3] 胡俊峰[3] 

机构地区：[1]山东省疾病预防控制中心,济南250014 [2]武警山东总队医院 [3]中国健康教育中心

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2014年第3期351-353,共3页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题项目(2009BAI76B02)

摘　　要：目的了解小学生预防重点传染病知识、行为综合性干预效果,为进一步开展有针对性干预活动提供依据。方法采用多阶段整群抽样法,抽取山东省2个县区800名小学生进行调查,随机分配到干预组和对照组,干预组接受6个月的综合性干预,对照组不给予任何措施,评价干预效果。结果干预后,干预组重点传染病知晓率由59.0%增加为68.8%,对照组由57.4%上升为58.1%;干预组饭前洗手、便后洗手、吐痰、打喷嚏等健康行为形成率分别为87.3%,87.8%,98.3%,75.6%,对照组分别为77.2%,68.1%,96.6%,54.0%,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.01);干预组现场观察咳嗽吐痰和洗手行为得分高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论干预活动有效地提高小学生重点传染病知晓率和促进健康行为方式形成。Objective To evaluate effectiveness of intervention on infectious disease-related knowledge and practice, and to provide some evidence for infectious diseases prevention program among primary school students. Methods Totally 800 students were randomized into intervention and control group employed by multi-stage cluster sampling method. Comprehensive intervention programs were applied to the intervention group for half a year and no activities were implemented in the control group. Effectiveness of intervention was evaluated through questionnaire survey before and after the intervention. Results After intervention, the aware- ness rates in intervention group increased from 59.0% to 68.8%, compared with control group 57.4% to 58.1%. Rate of proper hygiene practices including hand-washing before eating and after toilet, coughing and spitting was 87.3%, 87.8%, 98.3 % and 75.6% in the intervention group and 77.2%, 68.1%, 96.6 % and 54.0% in the control group, respectively. Field observation also indicated that proper hygiene practices（ such as cough,spit and wash hands） was higher in intervention group （P〈0.01 ）. Conclusion Intervention on infectious disease-related knowledge and practice could remarkably increase awareness and proper hygiene practice to prevent infectious diseases among primary school students.

关 键 词：传染病 健康知识 态度 实践 干预性研究 学生 

分 类 号：G479[文化科学—教育学] R183[文化科学—教育技术学]