状语性状的主观性及语义表现  

On the subjectivity of adverbial qualitative phrases and their semantic characteristics

作　　者：李国宏[1] 刘萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]西华大学

出　　处：《现代外语》2014年第2期157-167,291,共11页Modern Foreign Languages

基　　金：四川外国语言文学研究中心资助(SCWY13-17)

摘　　要：状语性状是在言说场景中伴随动作的发生而显现出的一个性状,具有言者主观性。它表达的是一个定量概念,因此只有定量性状可以出现在该位置,其与定语性状的换位呈梯度现象,但可以通过显性句法手段来强化说话人对性状的认识而提高"边缘"状语性状句的合格度。在多项定语中,只有与场景密切关联的性状才可以被状语化。历时主观化进一步对共时主观性表现提供了证据,表明成分主观化后在句法上具有"左移"倾向,是汉语作为强势VO语言的新佐证。Phrases in the adverbial position are subjective in that they designate the prominent qualities concomitant with the speech event. The adverbial position is definite in the sense that only definite qualitative phrases can occur in it. Adverbial qualitative phrases can derive from prenominal attributive phrases in a gradient way. So,the well-formedness of a poorly-made adverbial qualitative sentence can be improved with some explicit syntactic strategies. In cases where multiple attributive qualitative phrases appear in a sentence,only the one pertinent to the speech event can be swapped into the adverbial position. Subjectification of qualitative phrases is also brought out in diachronic studies,further justifying the synchronic findings that the subjectified elements tend to move leftward. This further proves that Mandarin Chinese conforms to the typical mechanism of the VO language in its process of subjectification.

关 键 词：状语性状 主观性 语义 左移 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]