湛江近海虾拖网副渔获组成分析与评价  

Analysis and assessment of by-catch composition of shrimp beam trawl in coastal sea of Zhanjiang

作　　者：杨炳忠[1] 杨吝[1] 谭永光[1] 张鹏[1] 晏磊[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所,农业部南海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室,广东广州510300

出　　处：《海洋科学》2014年第1期65-70,共6页Marine Sciences

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203018);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2012TS12)

摘　　要：为了探明南海北部虾拖网副渔获的种类组成、优势种类和幼鱼比例等情况，2012年8月1～5日作者于湛江近海进行了虾拖网副渔获调查。结果表明：湛江近海虾拖网副渔获种类极多，副渔获物与虾类的质量比为3．9：1；副渔获物的主要种类为蟹类和鱼类；蟹类副渔获物的优势种类分别为红星梭子蟹（Portunussanguinolentus）、三疣梭子蟹（Portunustrituberculatus）和远海梭子蟹（Portunus pelagicus），其相对重要性（IRI）分别为7558．72、6540．72和2826．41；鱼类优势副渔获物的种类分别为褐斑三线舌鳎（Cynoglossus trigrammus）、少鳞鱚（Sillagojaponica）、多齿蛇鲻（Saurida tumbil）和六带石斑鱼 （Epinephelus sexfasciatus）,其IRI分别为3158．94、1755．57、1294．44和1058．46；副渔获物的幼鱼比极高。最后，作者结合相关研究，对如何从技术层面解决南海区虾拖网严重的副渔获问题进行了探讨，以促进南海区虾拖网渔业的可持续发展。Fishery surveys were conducted in coastal sea of Zhanjiang, between August 1 st and 5th, 2012, to obtain the by-catch composition, dominant species and the percentage of the unmatured fish in shrimp beam trawl fishery. The result indicated that the by-catch species was quite a few, the weight of by-catch to shrimp was about 3.9 ： 1; the dominant by-catch species were crab and fish; the dominant by-catch species of crab were Portunus trituberculatus, Portunus sanguinolentus and Portunus pelagicus, and their IRI were 7558.72, 6540.72 and 2826.41, respectively; the dominant by-catch species of fish were Cynoglossus trigrammus, Sillago japonica, Saurida tumbil and Epinephelus sexfasciatus, and their IRI were 3158.94, 1755.57, 1294.44 and 1058.46, respectively; the percentage of the unmatured fish was very high. Finally, the technological way to solve the serious problem of by-catch in shrimp beam trawl fishery of the south sea of China was discussed.

关 键 词：虾拖网 副渔获 渔获组成 幼鱼比例 

分 类 号：S972.13[农业科学—捕捞与储运] S932[农业科学—水产科学]