河姆渡文化田螺山遗址古土壤有机质的地球化学特征及其意义  

The geochemical characteristics and significance of soil organic matter in the Tianluoshan Site of Hemudu cultural

作　　者：温证聪 孙国平[2] 谢柳娟[1] 孙永革[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学地球科学系,浙江杭州310027 [2]浙江省文物考古研究所,浙江杭州310014

出　　处：《地球化学》2014年第2期166-173,共8页Geochimica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40972093)

摘　　要：对浙江河姆渡文化田螺山遗址发掘出土的古水稻田沉积有机质开展了详细的有机地球化学分析,从地球化学角度探讨了以田螺山遗址为代表的河姆渡文化稻作农业发展水平以及后期稻田废弃的原因。研究结果揭示,河姆渡文化时期,先民对稻田的开发管理仍处在初级阶段,以原始沼泽型为主。沉积有机质中非挺水水生植物输入指数、平均链长度和藻类输入指数显示,从河姆渡晚期至良渚晚期,田螺山先民耕作区域土壤有机质中藻类等水生生物输入增加,是一个水体逐渐加深的过程,推测生活区周边湖沼环境水体的加深可能是古水稻田废弃的直接原因,甚至有可能是导致整个遗址衰落的直接原因。In this paper, the development level of rice agriculture and the abandoned reason of paddy fields in the Tianluoshan Site, a typical representative of Hemudu culture, are systematically discussed, based on the geo-chemical analyses of soil organic matter in the site. The study results show that in the Hemudu period, the devel-opment and management of paddy fields were still in the initial stage, characterized by primary swamp type. Based on carbon preference index, non-emergent aquatic plants input index, average chain length and algae input index of sedimentary organic matter, totally indicate that the increase of algae and other aquatic organism input in the soil organic matter of tillage area is chiefly due to gradual deepening of the water during the period ranging from late Hemudu period to late Liangzhu period. It is inferred that the water deepening around living area is probably direct reason that caused the abandonment of rice fields, and even led to the decline of the whole site.

关 键 词：河姆渡文化 稻作农业 古水稻田 湖沼环境 田螺山遗址 

分 类 号：P593[天文地球—地球化学]