欠发达地区农民宅基地流转意愿影响因素  

Influential Factors of Peasants' Willingness to Transfer Homestead in Underdeveloped Area

作　　者：胡方芳[1,2] 蒲春玲[1] 陈前利[1,3] 马贤磊[3] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学管理学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆维吾尔自治区发展与改革委员会经济研究院,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [3]南京农业大学公共管理学院,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2014年第4期116-126,共11页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：新疆社科基金项目"基于二元结构优化调整的新疆城乡统筹协调发展研究"(编号:10BJJ024)

摘　　要：宅基地流转被认为是城乡建设用地资源优化配置和农民财产性收入增加的重要渠道,应以尊重农民意愿为前提。由"农民理性"、"政策激励"、"隐形市场"假设可知,农民宅基地流转取决于在政策和市场等外部环境变化的情况下,其宅基地的资产实现程度和社会保障替代程度之间的"理性"权衡。基于"农户-政策-市场"三维特征视角,利用新疆四地州(市)340户农民的调查数据,采用Probit模型,探讨欠发达地区农民宅基地流转意愿的影响因素。结果表明:新疆农户特征、相关政策与市场特征对农民宅基地流入和流出意愿具有不同程度和不同方向上的影响;与相关研究结果相比,既有相同之处,更有显著的地区特点。其相同之处主要表现在:宅基地流转范围的限制,阻碍宅基地流转;流转收入越高,农民流出宅基地的意愿就越强烈;流转花费时间越多,流入宅基地的意愿就越弱。其地区特点主要表现在:家庭人均收入与流出意愿关系不显著;农民非农化程度对农民流转宅基地意愿的影响并不显著;与少数民族农民相比,汉族农民并没有表现更强的宅基地流转意愿;农村新型合作医疗比重越大,农民流入宅基地的意愿越强,但对流出意愿影响并不显著;农民家庭参加农村养老保险比重越高,农民宅基地流入和流出的意愿并非越强;流入费用对流入意愿的影响并不显著;流转方式对农民流入意愿具有显著的正向影响;流转花费时间对流出意愿影响并不显著。因此,今后要在充分考虑农户特征和偏好的情况下,完善政策和市场环境,因地制宜地引导、推进农民宅基地流转,切实保障不同农民群体在城乡统筹发展中有更多的自主权、参与权与利益共享权等。The transfer of homestead is considered as an important way of optimal allocation of the urban and rural construction land resource and farmers＇ property income increase, and should be based on the premise of respecting farmers＇ willing. Hypothesis such as ＇ reason of peasant＇ , ＇ policy incentive＇ , and ＇ invisible market＇ tell us that peasants＇ transfer of homestead depends on ＇ rational＇ balance between the degree of land assets to realize and the degree of social security substitution, under the condition of the external environment such as the policy and market change. The purpose of this paper is to analyze influential factors of peasants＇ willingness to transfer homestead based on ＇ household-policy-market＇ characteristics in less developed areas through empirical study by using 340 data from the questionnaire survey of rural households in four regions of Xinjiang Province. The results show that household characteristics, relevant policy and market characteristics have different influences on peasants＇ willingness to transfer in or out in terms of degree or orientation. Compared with the related research results, our results have both in common, more prominent regional characteristics. Similarities mainly display in： The limitation of scope of homestead transfer prevents transfer. Transfer income is higher, and the willingness is more intense. The time spent for transfer is more, and the willingness of the homestead is weaker. Prominent regional characteristics mainly display in： The relationship between family income per capita and willingness to transfer out homestead is not significant. The relationship between peasants＇ level of non-agrieuhuralization and willingness is not significant. Compared with minority peasants, Han peasants don＇t appear to have more strong willingness. The greater the proportion of new rural cooperative medical care is, the stronger peasants＇ willingness to transfer in homestead is, but doesn＇t impact the willingness to transfer in home

关 键 词：宅基地 流转意愿 影响因素 PROBIT模型 新疆 欠发达地区 

分 类 号：F321.1[经济管理—产业经济]