影响乳腺癌发病的危险因素分析  

Risk factors of breast cancer incidence and nursing strategies

作　　者：沈敏[1] 顾建芬[1] 董钰英[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省绍兴市人民医院乳腺甲状腺科,312000

出　　处：《中华全科医学》2014年第5期782-783,785,共3页Chinese Journal of General Practice

摘　　要：目的探讨乳腺癌患者发病的危险因素，并根据相关因素分析护理策略，为该病的诊断和治疗提供依据。方法选取2009年2月—2013年2月期间浙江省绍兴市人民医院收治的乳腺癌患者275例，以及同期健康女性275例为对照组，采用调查问卷的形式对可能相关因素的数据进行收集整理，进行Logistic回归分析独立危险因素。结果单因素Logistic回归分析显示：家族乳腺癌疾病史、家族恶性肿瘤发病史、乳腺增生、流产次数多、没有哺乳、工作强度大、睡眠情况差、家庭不和谐、生活满意度差、疲劳感强、不正确佩戴文胸、吸烟等均会增加乳腺癌的发生，多因素Logistic回归表明：家族乳腺癌疾病史（OR=2．455，95％CI：1．128～5．821）、恶性肿瘤发病史（OR=1．833，95％CI：1．318～2．894）、乳腺增生（OR=2．946，95％CI：1．874～5．169）、工作强度大（OR=4．215，95％CI：1．544～10．068）、睡眠情况差（OR=3．979，95％CI：1．723～7．678）、家庭不和谐（OR=2．845，95％CI：1．249～5．834）、疲劳感强（OR=2．777，95％CI：1．018～5．489）、不正确佩戴文胸（OR：2．313，95％CI：1．112～5．432）和吸烟（OR：2．94，95％c，：1．018～5．101）为乳腺癌的独立危险因素，母乳喂养为保护因素（OR=0．870，95％CI：O．602—1．496）。结论乳腺癌是遗传、生活习惯、心理等方面综合作用的结果，护理过程中除常规护理外，要加强对患者生活习惯以及精神状态的引导。Objective To investigate the risk factors of breast cancer and nursing strategies and provide the basis for the diagnosis and treatment. Methods 275 cases of breast cancer patients included in the study during February 2009 to February 2013, as well as 275 cases of healthy female over the same period as the control group. Factors data possibly re- lated was collected by questionnaire. Conditions Logistic regression were used to analyze independent risk factors. Results Univariate Logistic regression analysis showed family history of breast disease, family history of cancer inci- dence, hyperplasia of mammary glands, muhiple miscarriages, no breastfeeding, work intensity, poor sleep quality, family discord,poor life satisfaction, fatigue strength, incorrect bra wearing and smoking might increase the incidence of breast cancer. Logistic regression showed that family history of breast disease（ OR = 2. 455,95% CI： 1. 128 - 5. 821 ） ,family his- tory of cancer incidence （ OR = 1. 833,95 % CI： 1.318 - 2. 894 ）, hyperplasia of mammary glands （ OR = 2. 946,95% CI： 1. 874 - 5. 169 ） ,Breast Feeding（ OR = O. 870,95% CI：O. 602 - l. 496 ）, work intensity（ OR = 4. 215,95% CI： 1. 544 - 10.068） ,poor sleep quality（ OR = 3. 979,95% CI： 1. 723 - 7. 678 ）, family discord （ OR = 2. 845,95% CI： 1. 249 - 5. 834）, fatigue strength （ OR = 2. 777,95 % CI： 1. O18 - 5. 489 ）, incorrect bra wearing （ OR = 2.313,95 % CI： 1.112 - 5. 432） and smoking （ OR = 2.94,95% CI： 1. 018 - 5. 101 ） were independent risk factor for breast cancer. Breast feeding was the protection factor（ OR = 0.870,95% CI：O. 602 - 1. 496）. Conclusion Breast cancer was the combined result of genetic ,lifestyle and psychological aspects. Besides routine care, the guidance of lifestyle and mental state should be strengthened.

关 键 词：乳腺癌 危险因素 护理 

分 类 号：R737.9[医药卫生—肿瘤]