基因工程化小鼠模型在胃肠道肿瘤研究中的应用  

Application of genetically engineered mice model in the research of gastrointestinal tumor

作　　者：蒋燕南 于颖彦[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院消化外科研究所,200025

出　　处：《中华胃肠外科杂志》2014年第4期407-410,共4页Chinese Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金（81172329,81372644）;国家科技部重大项目（2012AA02A504,2012AA02A203,201lzx09307旬01旬5）;上海市国际合作项目（12410706400）;上海市优秀学术带头人计划（11XD1403600）

摘　　要：基因敲除技术是以DNA同源重组技术和胚胎干细胞技术为基础．对特定基因位点进行修饰的实验方法，是揭示基因功能最直接的手段之一。小鼠和人的基因相似性达95％。小鼠培育简单、价格便宜、繁殖能力强、生命周期短，适用于疾病发生发展的全过程观察。利用基因操作技术改造小鼠基因便可产生模拟人类基因变异导致的表型效应．可为人类疾病模型的复制及疾病防治研究提供一种有效的实验手段。随着基因操作技术的不断开发与改进．基因工程化小鼠模型在胃癌研究中将扮演更加重要的角色。本文系统介绍了基因工程小鼠模型在胃肠道肿瘤研究中的应用。The gene knockout is based on the DNA homologous recombination and embryonic stem cell technology. It is an experimental method for modification of specific gene loci, which is one of the most direct means to clarifying gene functions. The similarity of genomes between mouse and human is as high as up to 95%. The life cycle of mice is relatively short, and easy to breed with stronger reproductive capacity. Therefore, the knockout mice are suitable for observing the whole process of disease pathogenesis. With genetic manipulation technology, researchers can produce the simulations of phenotypic effect by human genetic variation. This article focuses on genetically engineered mice models andtheir application in gastrointestinal cancer.

关 键 词：基因敲除 小鼠模型 肿瘤研究 

分 类 号：R735[医药卫生—肿瘤]