施用磷肥对烤烟烟叶氮磷钾养分以及酸性磷酸酶和多酚氧化酶活性的影响  

Effects of P fertilizer application on nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium content as well as acid phosphatase and polyphenol oxidase activities in flue-cured tobacco

作　　者：翟优雅[1] 张立新[1] 高梅[1] 张喜峰[1] 阮志[1] 赵永桂[1] 韦成才 马英明 陈伟 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学生命科学学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]陕西省烟草研究所,陕西西安710000 [3]贵州省烟草科学研究院,贵州贵阳550081

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2014年第2期53-57,共5页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：陕西省特色烟叶开发重大专项(ZDZX2011-001);中间香型特色优质烟叶科学保障大田生长时间配套技术研究(TS-02-20110015)

摘　　要：采用盆栽试验,以秦烟96为材料,通过设置5个供磷水平,研究了增施磷肥对烤烟烟叶营养（氮、磷、钾）和多酚含量及烟叶酸性磷酸酶和多酚氧化酶活性的影响,目的在于揭示磷肥影响烟叶生长发育的营养基础以及色泽形成的生理机制,为优质烤烟生产进行合理施磷提供理论依据和实践指导。结果表明,施磷量在P2O50-5.84 g/盆范围内,随施磷量增加,烟叶氮、磷、钾含量和多酚含量及多酚氧化酶活性逐渐增加,均呈显著正相关,磷肥过多时,抑制作用显著;酸性磷酸酶活性逐渐降低,呈显著负相关。说明适宜的施磷量可改善烟叶营养,提高多酚含量及其氧化水平,有利于烟叶色泽形成;烟叶酸性磷酸酶活性可作为评估土壤供磷能力的有效生理指标。In order to elucidate the nutrition foundation in plant growth and development and physiological mechanism of leaf color formation by P fertilizer application,and further provide theoretical and practical basis for rational P fertilization in high quality flue-cured tobacco production,pot experiments were carried out to study the effects of different rates of phosphorus fertilizer on leaf nutrition（ N,P,K） and polyphenols content as well as their relative enzymes activities of acid phosphates and polyphenol oxidase in flue-cured tobacco leaves using Qinyan 96. The results showed that,in rational range of P application rates from P2O50 to 5. 84 g / pot,N,P,K and polyphenol contents in tobacco leaves were all increased with increasing P rate resulting in significant positive correlations,but the negative effects were obtained due to excessive P rate. Acid phosphatase activity in tobacco leaves was continuously decreased with increasing P rate resulting in significant negative correlations. These results suggested that optimal P application rate could improve leaf nutrition,and increase polyphenols content and its oxidation level to be beneficial for leaf color formation of flue-cured tobacco leaves. Acid phosphates activity can be served as an efficient physiological indictor for evaluation of supply level of soil P.

关 键 词：烤烟 施磷量 多酚含量 多酚氧化酶 酸性磷酸酶 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]