在墨翟和拉比之间——论墨子学说的希伯来原型  

Between Mo Di and Rabbi——A Study on the Hebrew Prototype of Mohism

作　　者：朱大可[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学文化批评研究中心,教授上海200092

出　　处：《学术月刊》2014年第4期97-105,共9页Academic Monthly

摘　　要：墨子作为中国先秦时代的诸子之一,其原型其实来自希伯来,他的先祖可能就是公元前6世纪犹太人"大流散"初期离开耶路撒冷的智者,属于人们暂时还无法知晓的派系。这些在大流散中向世界各地迁移的犹太人,其中的少数群体辗转列国而抵达东亚,成为晚期殷商帝国的臣民,继而又追随受周王室册封的微子启,被封为宋国贵族,住于宋城。根据比较语言学,可以知道"墨"姓是波斯祆教祭司"麻葛"的上古汉语转音,而墨子之名"翟"的发音则更接近犹太精神导师"拉比"的词根。墨学学说也与犹太教教义和经文有诸多相似,墨子教义的受众在孔子及其儒家那里得到回响,这是"亚洲精神共同体"内部思想交换的必然产物。Mo Zi, one of the founders of the schools of thought in Pre-Qin era, beard in fact a prototype of Hebrew origin. His ancestor might be a wise man who left Jerusalem at the early period of Jewish ＂diaspora＂ in the 6th century B.C., and belonged to an unknown branch. Among these Jews who migrated to various parts of the world in diaspora, a small group had arrived East Asia after travelling through a series of lands and became subjects of Yin and Shang Dynasties. Then, they followed Weizi Qi who had been conferred a title of nobility by Zhou royal court to Song Kingdom and lived at the City of Song. According to comparative linguistics, the surname ＂Mo＂ is a transformed Chinese phonetic sound in ancient time from ＂Mage＂, the sacrificial master of Persian Zoroastrianism, and the pronunciation of ＂Di＂, the name of Mo Zi, was more close to the root of the word ＂Rabbi＂, the Jewish spiritual tutor. Mohism had much similarity with Jewish tenet, and Mohist followers had echo from Confucianism, which shows a necessary outcome of an exchange of ideas within an ＂Asian community of spirit＂.

关 键 词：墨翟 拉比 犹太 希伯来 

分 类 号：J0[艺术—艺术理论]