“有”的核心信息功能与特性——兼论无定主语/话题句  

The Core Information Function and Grammatical Property of “You”

作　　者：薛宏武[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆师范大学文学院,重庆401331

出　　处：《汉语学习》2014年第1期39-50,共12页Chinese Language Learning

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目"汉语有字句研究"(项目编号:10YJC740116);重庆师范大学博士启动/人才引进项目"汉语语用组形研究"(项目编号:11XWB012);国家自然科学基金"汉语关联结构的资源建设和自动分析模型研究"(项目编号:61202193)资助

摘　　要："有"的核心信息功能是为叙事语篇(FIS)引入一个指人话题NP,并且NP可连续地表达为后续句的话题eNP,连续的eNP又可形成一个组织语篇的话题链。在FIS中"有"是个句法与语篇界面上的轻动词,"有NP"是体焦点,"有NP"的句义是表示认证。现代汉语无定主语/话题句是"有NP"在FIS中高度主观化的产物,是语用组形句。共时上"有NP"认证句可给FIS贡献[+规范]、[+据实]、NP指称信息的[+重要]及组织语篇的【Tfl】意义或功能,而相应的无定主语/话题句在语篇里的表现则为[-规范]、[-据实]、[-重要]及【Tinl】。The paper describes the information function property of ＂you ＂in FIS discourse,and finds out its functions is that introduces a human participant NP for events,and the NP can be expressed a continuous topic link which can cohere discourse. As for the grammatical property of ＂you＂,it is a Little verb and forms an Aspectual focus along with the NP which represents a syntaxdiscourse interface in discourse. The paper also finds out the sentence of indefinite NP subject is a Subjectivizated allo-syntactic pattern of the sentence of ＂you ＂NP,which can attribute the free,fictional and important style to FIS and so on.

关 键 词：“有” 叙事语篇 轻动词 体焦点 句法与语篇界面 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]